Abstract
This paper focuses on the development of a system to detect if a nearby car poses a collision danger to a bicycle, and to sound a loud horn to alert the car driver if a collision danger is detected. A sensing and estimation system suitable for use on a bicycle is therefore developed in order to track the trajectories of vehicles in a traffic intersection. An inexpensive solid-state low-density Lidar mounted at the front of an instrumented bicycle is used. The low angular resolution of the sensor creates many challenges. These challenges are addressed in this research by clustering based approaches for assigning measurement points to individual vehicles, by introducing a correction term with its own dynamic model for position measurement refinement, and by incorporating multi-target tracking using global nearest neighbor data association and interacting multiple model extended Kalman filtering. The tracking performance of the developed system is evaluated by both simulation and experimental results. Scenarios that involve straight driving (in all four directions) and left turning (opposing) vehicles at a traffic intersection are considered. Experimental results show that the developed system can successfully track cars accurately in these scenarios in spite of the low measurement resolution of the sensor.
Original language | English (US) |
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Article number | 9145850 |
Pages (from-to) | 67-77 |
Number of pages | 11 |
Journal | IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Vehicles |
Volume | 6 |
Issue number | 1 |
DOIs | |
State | Published - Mar 1 2021 |
Bibliographical note
Funding Information:Manuscript received September 8, 2019; revised February 4, 2020; accepted July 3, 2020. Date of publication July 21, 2020; date of current version February 24, 2021. This work was supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant PFI-1631133. (Corresponding author: Rajesh Rajamani.) The authors are with the Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA (e-mail: [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]).
Publisher Copyright:
© 2016 IEEE.
Copyright:
Copyright 2021 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
Keywords
- Bicycle safety
- Lidar
- bicycle-car collisions
- collision warning
- estimation
- trajectory tracking