Life without myoglobin

Hemoproteins are widely distributed among prokaryotes, unicellular eurokaryotes, plants and animals [1]. Myoglobin, a cytoplasmic hemoprotein that is restricted to cardiomyocytes and oxidative skeletal myofibers in vertebrates, has been proposed to facilitate oxygen transport to the mitochondria [1-3]. This cytoplasmic hemoprotein was the first protein to be subjected to definitive structural analysis and has been a subject of long-standing and ongoing interest to biologists [1-3]. Recently, we utilized gene disruption technology to generate mice that are viable and fertile despite a complete absence of myoglobin [4]. This unexpected result led us to reexamine existing paradigms regarding the function of myoglobin in striated muscle.