Abstract
The fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith), is a major target of transgenic corn, Zea mays L., expressing Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) proteins in both North and South America. A highly Cry1F-resistant strain of S.frugiperda was established from a field collection in Puerto Rico in 2011. In this study, three greenhouse trials were conducted to evaluate larval survival and leaf injury of Cry1F-susceptible, -resistant, and -heterozygous genotypes of S. frugiperda on whole plants of five non-Bt and eight Bt corn hybrids. The Bt corn products included two single-gene Bt corn hybrids containing Herculex®I (Cry1F) and YieldGard® (Cry1Ab) traits and six pyramided Bt corn hybrids representing four traits: Genuity® VT Double Pro™, Genuity®VT Triple Pro™, Genuity® SmartStax™, and Agrisure® Viptera™ 3111. In each trial, neonates of S.frugiperda were placed into the plant whorls at vegetative plant stages (V6-V10). Larvae of the three insect genotypes on non-Bt corn hybrids survived well and caused serious plant injury. Cry1Ab corn was ineffective against all three insect genotypes. On Cry1F corn plants, resistant larvae survived on 72.9% plants after 12-15d and caused a leaf injury rating (Davis' 1 to 9 scales) of 5.7 after 7d and 7.6 after 12-15d. Both the larval survivorship and leaf injury rates of the resistant larvae on Cry1F corn plants were not significantly different from those observed on non-Bt corn hybrids. In contrast, no live larvae and little or no leaf injury were observed on the Cry1F corn plants that were infested with susceptible or heterozygous genotypes, or on the pyramided Bt plants. The results demonstrated that the Cry1F-resistant S.frugiperda was highly resistant to whole plants of Cry1F corn and the resistance was recessive. Hybrids that contained one of the four pyramided Bt traits were effective for managing the Cry1F resistance in S.frugiperda.
| Original language | English (US) |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 22-28 |
| Number of pages | 7 |
| Journal | Crop Protection |
| Volume | 59 |
| DOIs | |
| State | Published - May 2014 |
| Externally published | Yes |
Bibliographical note
Funding Information:The authors like to express appreciation to Drs. Mike Stout, Thomas Regan, and Jeffry Davis for reviewing an earlier draft of the manuscript. We also thank Dr. Robert Meagher (USDA-ARS) for the collection of the Cry1F susceptible strain (SS-FL) of the fall armyworm from Florida. This article is published with the approval of the Director of the Louisiana Agricultural Experiment Station as manuscript No. 2013-234-11812. This project represents work supported by the Louisiana Soybean and Feed Grain Promotion Board , and Hatch funds from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture .
Keywords
- Bacillus thuringiensis
- Gene-pyramiding
- Resistance management
- Spodoptera frugiperda
- Transgenic corn
