Intravitreal Dexamethasone Implant in Retinitis Pigmentosa-related Cystoid Macular Edema

Ahmad M. Mansour, Huda Sheheitli, Cem Kucukerdonmez, Robert A. Sisk, Raphael Moura, Marilita M. Moschos, Luiz H. Lima, Laila Al-Shaar, J. Fernando Arevalo, Mauricio Maia, Robert E. Foster, Ozcan Kayikcioglu, Igor Kozak, Shree Kurup, Hernando Zegarra, Roberto Gallego-Pinazo, Rola N. Hamam, Riad A. Bejjani, Esat Cinar, Ethem T. ErakgünAlan Kimura, Anderson Teixeira

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

22 Scopus citations

Abstract

Purpose: To report the clinical outcome after intravitreal dexamethasone implant in patients with retinitis pigmentosa and cystoid macular edema. Methods: Multicenter retrospective case series of eyes with retinitis pigmentosa and cystoid macular edema that underwent intravitreal dexamethasone implant. Primary outcome measures were best-corrected visual acuity in LogMAR and central macular thickness. Statistical analyses used two-tailed comparison with Wilcoxon signed-rank test. Results: There were a total of 45 eyes from 34 patients with a mean age of 32.7 years (range 16-57) and mean follow-up of 15.5 ± 13.0 months. At Month 3 after the first injection, mean initial best-corrected visual acuity improved from 0.61 ± 0.38 (20/81) to 0.37 ± 0.16 (20/47) (P = 0.012), whereas mean central macular thickness (m) decreased from 506 ± 288 m to 311.7 ± 71.6 m (P < 0.001) and mean intraocular pressure increased from 15.7 ± 2.3 mmHg to 19.8 ± 11.0 mmHg (P = 0.01). Fourteen eyes had multiple injections (1-7 reinjections) at a mean interval of 6 months. Treatment effect was durable with multiple injections, but with seven eyes developing visually significant cataracts. Conclusion: Best-corrected visual acuity improved up to 4 months in around half of the eyes. Eyes that benefited the most were pseudophakic, steroid nonresponsive, with large initial central macular thickness, and profuse fluorescein dye leakage.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)416-423
Number of pages8
JournalRetina
Volume38
Issue number2
DOIs
StatePublished - Feb 1 2018
Externally publishedYes

Bibliographical note

Publisher Copyright:
© Ophthalmic Communications Society, Inc.

Keywords

  • cystoid macular edema
  • dexamethasone implant
  • intraocular pressure
  • retinitis pigmentosa

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