Insulin resistance since early adulthood and appendicular lean mass in middle-aged adults without diabetes: 20 years of the CARDIA study

Victor W. Zhong; Michael P. Bancks; Pamela J. Schreiner; Cora E. Lewis; Lyn M. Steffen; James B. Meigs; Lauren A. Schrader; Melanie Schorr; Karen K. Miller; Stephen Sidney; Mercedes R. Carnethon

doi:10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2018.09.011

Insulin resistance since early adulthood and appendicular lean mass in middle-aged adults without diabetes: 20 years of the CARDIA study

Victor W. Zhong, Michael P. Bancks, Pamela J. Schreiner, Cora E. Lewis, Lyn M. Steffen, James B. Meigs, Lauren A. Schrader, Melanie Schorr, Karen K. Miller, Stephen Sidney, Mercedes R. Carnethon

Epidemiology & Community Health

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

5 Scopus citations

Abstract

Aims: To determine the association between 20-year trajectories in insulin resistance (IR) since young adulthood and appendicular lean mass (ALM) at middle-age in adults without diabetes. Methods: A prospective cohort study was designed among young and middle-aged US men (n = 925) and women (n = 1193). Fasting serum glucose and insulin were measured five times in 1985–2005. IR was determined using the homeostasis model assessment (HOMA). ALM was measured in 2005 and ALM adjusted for BMI (ALM/BMI) was the outcome. Sex-specific analyses were performed. Results: Three HOMA-IR trajectories were identified. Compared to the low-stable group, the adjusted ALM/BMI difference was −0.041 (95% CI: −0.060 to −0.022) and −0.114 (−0.141 to −0.086) in men, and −0.052 (−0.065 to −0.039) and −0.043 (−0.063 to −0.023) in women, respectively, for the medium-increase and high-increase groups. Further adjusting for the treadmill test duration attenuated these estimates to −0.022 (−0.040 to −0.004) and −0.061 (−0.089 to −0.034) in men and −0.026 (−0.038 to −0.014) and −0.007 (−0.026 to 0.012) in women. Conclusions: Compared to the low-stable insulin resistance trajectory between early and middle adulthood, the high-increase trajectory was associated with lower ALM/BMI in middle-aged men, but not women, without diabetes, after adjusting for cardiorespiratory fitness.

Original language	English (US)
Pages (from-to)	84-90
Number of pages	7
Journal	Journal of Diabetes and Its Complications
Volume	33
Issue number	1
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2018.09.011
State	Published - Jan 2019

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
The Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults Study (CARDIA) is conducted and supported by the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) in collaboration with the University of Alabama at Birmingham ( HHSN268201300025C & HHSN268201300026C ), Northwestern University ( HHSN268201300027C ), University of Minnesota ( HHSN268201300028C ), Kaiser Foundation Research Institute ( HHSN268201300029C ), and Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine ( HHSN268200900041C ). CARDIA is also partially supported by the Intramural Research Program of the National Institute on Aging (NIA) and an intra-agency agreement between NIA and NHLBI ( AG0005 ). This manuscript has been reviewed by CARDIA for scientific content.

Funding Information:
The Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults Study (CARDIA) is conducted and supported by the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) in collaboration with the University of Alabama at Birmingham (HHSN268201300025C & HHSN268201300026C), Northwestern University (HHSN268201300027C), University of Minnesota (HHSN268201300028C), Kaiser Foundation Research Institute (HHSN268201300029C), and Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine (HHSN268200900041C). CARDIA is also partially supported by the Intramural Research Program of the National Institute on Aging (NIA) and an intra-agency agreement between NIA and NHLBI (AG0005). This manuscript has been reviewed by CARDIA for scientific content.

Funding Information:
Funding information: This study was supported by the postdoctoral fellowship from the American Heart Association Strategically Focused Research Networks (14SFRN20480260). MPB was supported by the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) of the National Institutes of Health under Award Numbers T32HL069771 to conduct the current work. JBM was supported by K24 DK080140.

Publisher Copyright:
© 2018 Elsevier Inc.

Keywords

Appendicular lean mass
Diabetes
Early prevention
Insulin resistance
Sarcopenia

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

Publisher link

10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2018.09.011

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6324968

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Zhong, V. W., Bancks, M. P., Schreiner, P. J., Lewis, C. E., Steffen, L. M., Meigs, J. B., Schrader, L. A., Schorr, M., Miller, K. K., Sidney, S., & Carnethon, M. R. (2019). Insulin resistance since early adulthood and appendicular lean mass in middle-aged adults without diabetes: 20 years of the CARDIA study. Journal of Diabetes and Its Complications, 33(1), 84-90. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2018.09.011

Zhong, VW, Bancks, MP, Schreiner, PJ, Lewis, CE, Steffen, LM, Meigs, JB, Schrader, LA, Schorr, M, Miller, KK, Sidney, S & Carnethon, MR 2019, 'Insulin resistance since early adulthood and appendicular lean mass in middle-aged adults without diabetes: 20 years of the CARDIA study', Journal of Diabetes and Its Complications, vol. 33, no. 1, pp. 84-90. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2018.09.011

@article{704daf69f3d64442a323ad1ac20a8664,

title = "Insulin resistance since early adulthood and appendicular lean mass in middle-aged adults without diabetes: 20 years of the CARDIA study",

abstract = "Aims: To determine the association between 20-year trajectories in insulin resistance (IR) since young adulthood and appendicular lean mass (ALM) at middle-age in adults without diabetes. Methods: A prospective cohort study was designed among young and middle-aged US men (n = 925) and women (n = 1193). Fasting serum glucose and insulin were measured five times in 1985–2005. IR was determined using the homeostasis model assessment (HOMA). ALM was measured in 2005 and ALM adjusted for BMI (ALM/BMI) was the outcome. Sex-specific analyses were performed. Results: Three HOMA-IR trajectories were identified. Compared to the low-stable group, the adjusted ALM/BMI difference was −0.041 (95% CI: −0.060 to −0.022) and −0.114 (−0.141 to −0.086) in men, and −0.052 (−0.065 to −0.039) and −0.043 (−0.063 to −0.023) in women, respectively, for the medium-increase and high-increase groups. Further adjusting for the treadmill test duration attenuated these estimates to −0.022 (−0.040 to −0.004) and −0.061 (−0.089 to −0.034) in men and −0.026 (−0.038 to −0.014) and −0.007 (−0.026 to 0.012) in women. Conclusions: Compared to the low-stable insulin resistance trajectory between early and middle adulthood, the high-increase trajectory was associated with lower ALM/BMI in middle-aged men, but not women, without diabetes, after adjusting for cardiorespiratory fitness.",

keywords = "Appendicular lean mass, Diabetes, Early prevention, Insulin resistance, Sarcopenia",

author = "Zhong, {Victor W.} and Bancks, {Michael P.} and Schreiner, {Pamela J.} and Lewis, {Cora E.} and Steffen, {Lyn M.} and Meigs, {James B.} and Schrader, {Lauren A.} and Melanie Schorr and Miller, {Karen K.} and Stephen Sidney and Carnethon, {Mercedes R.}",

note = "Funding Information: The Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults Study (CARDIA) is conducted and supported by the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) in collaboration with the University of Alabama at Birmingham ( HHSN268201300025C & HHSN268201300026C ), Northwestern University ( HHSN268201300027C ), University of Minnesota ( HHSN268201300028C ), Kaiser Foundation Research Institute ( HHSN268201300029C ), and Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine ( HHSN268200900041C ). CARDIA is also partially supported by the Intramural Research Program of the National Institute on Aging (NIA) and an intra-agency agreement between NIA and NHLBI ( AG0005 ). This manuscript has been reviewed by CARDIA for scientific content. Funding Information: The Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults Study (CARDIA) is conducted and supported by the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) in collaboration with the University of Alabama at Birmingham (HHSN268201300025C & HHSN268201300026C), Northwestern University (HHSN268201300027C), University of Minnesota (HHSN268201300028C), Kaiser Foundation Research Institute (HHSN268201300029C), and Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine (HHSN268200900041C). CARDIA is also partially supported by the Intramural Research Program of the National Institute on Aging (NIA) and an intra-agency agreement between NIA and NHLBI (AG0005). This manuscript has been reviewed by CARDIA for scientific content. Funding Information: Funding information: This study was supported by the postdoctoral fellowship from the American Heart Association Strategically Focused Research Networks (14SFRN20480260). MPB was supported by the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) of the National Institutes of Health under Award Numbers T32HL069771 to conduct the current work. JBM was supported by K24 DK080140. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2018 Elsevier Inc.",

year = "2019",

month = jan,

doi = "10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2018.09.011",

language = "English (US)",

volume = "33",

pages = "84--90",

journal = "Journal of Diabetes and Its Complications",

issn = "1056-8727",

publisher = "Elsevier Inc.",

number = "1",

}

TY - JOUR

T1 - Insulin resistance since early adulthood and appendicular lean mass in middle-aged adults without diabetes

T2 - 20 years of the CARDIA study

AU - Zhong, Victor W.

AU - Bancks, Michael P.

AU - Schreiner, Pamela J.

AU - Lewis, Cora E.

AU - Steffen, Lyn M.

AU - Meigs, James B.

AU - Schrader, Lauren A.

AU - Schorr, Melanie

AU - Miller, Karen K.

AU - Sidney, Stephen

AU - Carnethon, Mercedes R.

N1 - Funding Information: The Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults Study (CARDIA) is conducted and supported by the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) in collaboration with the University of Alabama at Birmingham ( HHSN268201300025C & HHSN268201300026C ), Northwestern University ( HHSN268201300027C ), University of Minnesota ( HHSN268201300028C ), Kaiser Foundation Research Institute ( HHSN268201300029C ), and Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine ( HHSN268200900041C ). CARDIA is also partially supported by the Intramural Research Program of the National Institute on Aging (NIA) and an intra-agency agreement between NIA and NHLBI ( AG0005 ). This manuscript has been reviewed by CARDIA for scientific content. Funding Information: The Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults Study (CARDIA) is conducted and supported by the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) in collaboration with the University of Alabama at Birmingham (HHSN268201300025C & HHSN268201300026C), Northwestern University (HHSN268201300027C), University of Minnesota (HHSN268201300028C), Kaiser Foundation Research Institute (HHSN268201300029C), and Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine (HHSN268200900041C). CARDIA is also partially supported by the Intramural Research Program of the National Institute on Aging (NIA) and an intra-agency agreement between NIA and NHLBI (AG0005). This manuscript has been reviewed by CARDIA for scientific content. Funding Information: Funding information: This study was supported by the postdoctoral fellowship from the American Heart Association Strategically Focused Research Networks (14SFRN20480260). MPB was supported by the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) of the National Institutes of Health under Award Numbers T32HL069771 to conduct the current work. JBM was supported by K24 DK080140. Publisher Copyright: © 2018 Elsevier Inc.

PY - 2019/1

Y1 - 2019/1

N2 - Aims: To determine the association between 20-year trajectories in insulin resistance (IR) since young adulthood and appendicular lean mass (ALM) at middle-age in adults without diabetes. Methods: A prospective cohort study was designed among young and middle-aged US men (n = 925) and women (n = 1193). Fasting serum glucose and insulin were measured five times in 1985–2005. IR was determined using the homeostasis model assessment (HOMA). ALM was measured in 2005 and ALM adjusted for BMI (ALM/BMI) was the outcome. Sex-specific analyses were performed. Results: Three HOMA-IR trajectories were identified. Compared to the low-stable group, the adjusted ALM/BMI difference was −0.041 (95% CI: −0.060 to −0.022) and −0.114 (−0.141 to −0.086) in men, and −0.052 (−0.065 to −0.039) and −0.043 (−0.063 to −0.023) in women, respectively, for the medium-increase and high-increase groups. Further adjusting for the treadmill test duration attenuated these estimates to −0.022 (−0.040 to −0.004) and −0.061 (−0.089 to −0.034) in men and −0.026 (−0.038 to −0.014) and −0.007 (−0.026 to 0.012) in women. Conclusions: Compared to the low-stable insulin resistance trajectory between early and middle adulthood, the high-increase trajectory was associated with lower ALM/BMI in middle-aged men, but not women, without diabetes, after adjusting for cardiorespiratory fitness.

AB - Aims: To determine the association between 20-year trajectories in insulin resistance (IR) since young adulthood and appendicular lean mass (ALM) at middle-age in adults without diabetes. Methods: A prospective cohort study was designed among young and middle-aged US men (n = 925) and women (n = 1193). Fasting serum glucose and insulin were measured five times in 1985–2005. IR was determined using the homeostasis model assessment (HOMA). ALM was measured in 2005 and ALM adjusted for BMI (ALM/BMI) was the outcome. Sex-specific analyses were performed. Results: Three HOMA-IR trajectories were identified. Compared to the low-stable group, the adjusted ALM/BMI difference was −0.041 (95% CI: −0.060 to −0.022) and −0.114 (−0.141 to −0.086) in men, and −0.052 (−0.065 to −0.039) and −0.043 (−0.063 to −0.023) in women, respectively, for the medium-increase and high-increase groups. Further adjusting for the treadmill test duration attenuated these estimates to −0.022 (−0.040 to −0.004) and −0.061 (−0.089 to −0.034) in men and −0.026 (−0.038 to −0.014) and −0.007 (−0.026 to 0.012) in women. Conclusions: Compared to the low-stable insulin resistance trajectory between early and middle adulthood, the high-increase trajectory was associated with lower ALM/BMI in middle-aged men, but not women, without diabetes, after adjusting for cardiorespiratory fitness.

KW - Appendicular lean mass

KW - Diabetes

KW - Early prevention

KW - Insulin resistance

KW - Sarcopenia

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SN - 1056-8727

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JO - Journal of Diabetes and Its Complications

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Insulin resistance since early adulthood and appendicular lean mass in middle-aged adults without diabetes: 20 years of the CARDIA study

Abstract

Bibliographical note

Keywords

UN SDGs

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Insulin resistance since early adulthood and appendicular lean mass in middle-aged adults without diabetes: 20 years of the CARDIA study

Abstract

Bibliographical note

Keywords

UN SDGs

Publisher link

Find It

Other files and links

Fingerprint

Cite this

Insulin resistance since early adulthood and appendicular lean mass in middle-aged adults without diabetes: 20 years of the CARDIA study