TY - JOUR
T1 - Initial construction of a maladaptive personality trait model and inventory for DSM-5
AU - Krueger, R. F.
AU - Derringer, J.
AU - Markon, K. E.
AU - Watson, D.
AU - Skodol, A. E.
PY - 2012/9
Y1 - 2012/9
N2 - Background DSM-IV-TR suggests that clinicians should assess clinically relevant personality traits that do not necessarily constitute a formal personality disorder (PD), and should note these traits on Axis II, but DSM-IV-TR does not provide a trait model to guide the clinician. Our goal was to provide a provisional trait model and a preliminary corresponding assessment instrument, in our roles as members of the DSM-5 Personality and Personality Disorders Workgroup and workgroup advisors. Method An initial list of specific traits and domains (broader groups of traits) was derived from DSM-5 literature reviews and workgroup deliberations, with a focus on capturing maladaptive personality characteristics deemed clinically salient, including those related to the criteria for DSM-IV-TR PDs. The model and instrument were then developed iteratively using data from community samples of treatment-seeking participants. The analytic approach relied on tools of modern psychometrics (e.g. item response theory models). Results A total of 25 reliably measured core elements of personality description emerged that, together, delineate five broad domains of maladaptive personality variation: Negative affect, detachment, antagonism, disinhibition, and psychoticism. Conclusions We developed a maladaptive personality trait model and corresponding instrument as a step on the path toward helping users of DSM-5 assess traits that may or may not constitute a formal PD. The inventory we developed is reprinted in its entirety in the Supplementary online material, with the goal of encouraging additional refinement and development by other investigators prior to the finalization of DSM-5. Continuing discussion should focus on various options for integrating personality traits into DSM-5.
AB - Background DSM-IV-TR suggests that clinicians should assess clinically relevant personality traits that do not necessarily constitute a formal personality disorder (PD), and should note these traits on Axis II, but DSM-IV-TR does not provide a trait model to guide the clinician. Our goal was to provide a provisional trait model and a preliminary corresponding assessment instrument, in our roles as members of the DSM-5 Personality and Personality Disorders Workgroup and workgroup advisors. Method An initial list of specific traits and domains (broader groups of traits) was derived from DSM-5 literature reviews and workgroup deliberations, with a focus on capturing maladaptive personality characteristics deemed clinically salient, including those related to the criteria for DSM-IV-TR PDs. The model and instrument were then developed iteratively using data from community samples of treatment-seeking participants. The analytic approach relied on tools of modern psychometrics (e.g. item response theory models). Results A total of 25 reliably measured core elements of personality description emerged that, together, delineate five broad domains of maladaptive personality variation: Negative affect, detachment, antagonism, disinhibition, and psychoticism. Conclusions We developed a maladaptive personality trait model and corresponding instrument as a step on the path toward helping users of DSM-5 assess traits that may or may not constitute a formal PD. The inventory we developed is reprinted in its entirety in the Supplementary online material, with the goal of encouraging additional refinement and development by other investigators prior to the finalization of DSM-5. Continuing discussion should focus on various options for integrating personality traits into DSM-5.
KW - Assessment
KW - DSM
KW - personality disorders
KW - personality traits
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84864550095&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=84864550095&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1017/S0033291711002674
DO - 10.1017/S0033291711002674
M3 - Article
C2 - 22153017
AN - SCOPUS:84864550095
SN - 0033-2917
VL - 42
SP - 1879
EP - 1890
JO - Psychological medicine
JF - Psychological medicine
IS - 9
ER -