Infection dynamics of foot-and-mouth disease virus in pigs using two novel simulated-natural inoculation methods

C. Stenfeldt, J. M. Pacheco, L. L. Rodriguez, J. Arzt

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

28 Scopus citations

Abstract

In order to characterize foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) infection dynamics in pigs, two simulated-natural inoculation systems were developed and evaluated. Intra-oropharyngeal (IOP) and intra-nasopharyngeal (INP) inoculation both enabled precise control of dose and timing of inoculation while simulating field exposure conditions.There were substantial differences between outcomes of infections by the two routes. IOP inoculation resulted in consistent and synchronous infection, whereas INP inoculation at similar doses resulted in delayed, or completely absent infection. All pigs that developed clinical infection had detectable levels of FMDV RNA in their oropharynx directly following inoculation. Furthermore, FMDV antigens were localized to the oropharyngeal tonsils suggesting a role in early infection.The utility of IOP inoculation was further demonstrated in a vaccine-challenge experiment. Thus, the novel system of IOP inoculation described herein, offers a valid alternative to traditionally used systems for FMDV inoculation of pigs, applicable for experimental studies of FMDV pathogenesis and vaccinology.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)396-405
Number of pages10
JournalResearch in veterinary science
Volume96
Issue number2
DOIs
StatePublished - Apr 2014

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
This project was funded through an interagency agreement with the Science and Technology Directorate of the U.S. Department of Homeland Security under Award Number HSHQDC-11-X-00189. CS is a recipient of a Plum Island Animal Disease Center Research Participation Program fellowship, administered by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education (ORISE) through an interagency agreement with the US Department of Energy. None of the funding sources had influence upon design or performance of experimental study, interpretation of results or writing of the manuscript. We would like to thank the Animal Research Branch at PIADC for assistance and support during animal studies. Meghan Tucker, Elizabeth Bishop, George Smoliga, and Ethan Hartwig are thanked for support with necropsies and processing of samples.

Keywords

  • Animal models
  • FMDV
  • Pathogenesis
  • Virus

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