Indian summer monsoon variability during the last millennium as recorded in stalagmite from Baratang Mahadev cave, Andaman Islands

Sonu Jaglan; Anil K. Gupta; Hai Cheng; Steven C. Clemens; Som Dutt; S. Balaji

doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2020.109908

Indian summer monsoon variability during the last millennium as recorded in stalagmite from Baratang Mahadev cave, Andaman Islands

Sonu Jaglan, Anil K. Gupta, Hai Cheng, Steven C. Clemens, Som Dutt, S. Balaji

Earth and Environmental Sciences-Twin Cities

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

3 Scopus citations

Abstract

This study presents a stable oxygen isotope record of Indian summer monsoon (ISM) variability using cave speleothem carbonate from Baratang Island (Andaman Islands) encompassing the last millennium (from 10th to 19th century CE). The studied interval encompasses two major climatic events; the Medieval Climate Anomaly (MCA) and the Little Ice Age (LIA) as well as the Current Warm Period (CWP). Our data suggest generally higher precipitation during the warm MCA when the ISM was relatively strong, and low precipitation during the cold LIA with a few exceptions when wet conditions prevailed. The Baratang cave record shows greater similarity with the records from the Sahiya and Klang caves, and opposite trends relative to those from the northeastern Himalaya owing to the dipolar nature of ISM precipitation. High-frequency sub-decadal to centennial scale pulses of weakened summer monsoons are observed during 16th to 19th century CE. These phases of weak ISM are correlated with severe droughts and famines in the Indian subcontinent owing to deficient monsoon rainfall, which had pronounced effect on South Asian societies. Spectral analysis suggests a strong periodicity of 190 yr (de Vries cycle) indicating strong influence of solar insolation.

Original language	English (US)
Article number	109908
Journal	Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology
Volume	557
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.palaeo.2020.109908
State	Published - Nov 1 2020

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
The authors thank the Wadia Institute of Himalayan Geology, Dehradun for necessary infrastructure facilities. Department of Science and Technology, Government of India is thanked for the Sir J. C. Bose fellowship to AKG (SR/S2/JCB-80/2011). SJ and AKG wrote the manuscript. SD helped in manuscript preparation. HC carried out the U[sbnd]Th dating and contributed in data interpretation. SCC carried out the oxygen isotope analysis and helped in interpretations. SD and SB helped in sample collection and SJ did the subsampling. The field guides Martin and Bhaingra are thanked for their help in the field work.

Funding Information:
The authors thank the Wadia Institute of Himalayan Geology, Dehradun for necessary infrastructure facilities. Department of Science and Technology, Government of India is thanked for the Sir J. C. Bose fellowship to AKG ( SR/S2/JCB-80/2011 ). SJ and AKG wrote the manuscript. SD helped in manuscript preparation. HC carried out the U Th dating and contributed in data interpretation. SCC carried out the oxygen isotope analysis and helped in interpretations. SD and SB helped in sample collection and SJ did the subsampling. The field guides Martin and Bhaingra are thanked for their help in the field work.

Publisher Copyright:
© 2020 Elsevier B.V.

Keywords

Baratang cave
Current warm period
Indian monsoon dipole
Inter tropical convergence zone
Little Ice Age
Medieval climate anomaly

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

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10.1016/j.palaeo.2020.109908

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title = "Indian summer monsoon variability during the last millennium as recorded in stalagmite from Baratang Mahadev cave, Andaman Islands",

abstract = "This study presents a stable oxygen isotope record of Indian summer monsoon (ISM) variability using cave speleothem carbonate from Baratang Island (Andaman Islands) encompassing the last millennium (from 10th to 19th century CE). The studied interval encompasses two major climatic events; the Medieval Climate Anomaly (MCA) and the Little Ice Age (LIA) as well as the Current Warm Period (CWP). Our data suggest generally higher precipitation during the warm MCA when the ISM was relatively strong, and low precipitation during the cold LIA with a few exceptions when wet conditions prevailed. The Baratang cave record shows greater similarity with the records from the Sahiya and Klang caves, and opposite trends relative to those from the northeastern Himalaya owing to the dipolar nature of ISM precipitation. High-frequency sub-decadal to centennial scale pulses of weakened summer monsoons are observed during 16th to 19th century CE. These phases of weak ISM are correlated with severe droughts and famines in the Indian subcontinent owing to deficient monsoon rainfall, which had pronounced effect on South Asian societies. Spectral analysis suggests a strong periodicity of 190 yr (de Vries cycle) indicating strong influence of solar insolation.",

keywords = "Baratang cave, Current warm period, Indian monsoon dipole, Inter tropical convergence zone, Little Ice Age, Medieval climate anomaly",

author = "Sonu Jaglan and Gupta, {Anil K.} and Hai Cheng and Clemens, {Steven C.} and Som Dutt and S. Balaji",

note = "Funding Information: The authors thank the Wadia Institute of Himalayan Geology, Dehradun for necessary infrastructure facilities. Department of Science and Technology, Government of India is thanked for the Sir J. C. Bose fellowship to AKG (SR/S2/JCB-80/2011). SJ and AKG wrote the manuscript. SD helped in manuscript preparation. HC carried out the U[sbnd]Th dating and contributed in data interpretation. SCC carried out the oxygen isotope analysis and helped in interpretations. SD and SB helped in sample collection and SJ did the subsampling. The field guides Martin and Bhaingra are thanked for their help in the field work. Funding Information: The authors thank the Wadia Institute of Himalayan Geology, Dehradun for necessary infrastructure facilities. Department of Science and Technology, Government of India is thanked for the Sir J. C. Bose fellowship to AKG ( SR/S2/JCB-80/2011 ). SJ and AKG wrote the manuscript. SD helped in manuscript preparation. HC carried out the U Th dating and contributed in data interpretation. SCC carried out the oxygen isotope analysis and helped in interpretations. SD and SB helped in sample collection and SJ did the subsampling. The field guides Martin and Bhaingra are thanked for their help in the field work. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2020 Elsevier B.V.",

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T1 - Indian summer monsoon variability during the last millennium as recorded in stalagmite from Baratang Mahadev cave, Andaman Islands

AU - Jaglan, Sonu

AU - Gupta, Anil K.

AU - Cheng, Hai

AU - Clemens, Steven C.

AU - Dutt, Som

AU - Balaji, S.

N1 - Funding Information: The authors thank the Wadia Institute of Himalayan Geology, Dehradun for necessary infrastructure facilities. Department of Science and Technology, Government of India is thanked for the Sir J. C. Bose fellowship to AKG (SR/S2/JCB-80/2011). SJ and AKG wrote the manuscript. SD helped in manuscript preparation. HC carried out the U[sbnd]Th dating and contributed in data interpretation. SCC carried out the oxygen isotope analysis and helped in interpretations. SD and SB helped in sample collection and SJ did the subsampling. The field guides Martin and Bhaingra are thanked for their help in the field work. Funding Information: The authors thank the Wadia Institute of Himalayan Geology, Dehradun for necessary infrastructure facilities. Department of Science and Technology, Government of India is thanked for the Sir J. C. Bose fellowship to AKG ( SR/S2/JCB-80/2011 ). SJ and AKG wrote the manuscript. SD helped in manuscript preparation. HC carried out the U Th dating and contributed in data interpretation. SCC carried out the oxygen isotope analysis and helped in interpretations. SD and SB helped in sample collection and SJ did the subsampling. The field guides Martin and Bhaingra are thanked for their help in the field work. Publisher Copyright: © 2020 Elsevier B.V.

PY - 2020/11/1

Y1 - 2020/11/1

N2 - This study presents a stable oxygen isotope record of Indian summer monsoon (ISM) variability using cave speleothem carbonate from Baratang Island (Andaman Islands) encompassing the last millennium (from 10th to 19th century CE). The studied interval encompasses two major climatic events; the Medieval Climate Anomaly (MCA) and the Little Ice Age (LIA) as well as the Current Warm Period (CWP). Our data suggest generally higher precipitation during the warm MCA when the ISM was relatively strong, and low precipitation during the cold LIA with a few exceptions when wet conditions prevailed. The Baratang cave record shows greater similarity with the records from the Sahiya and Klang caves, and opposite trends relative to those from the northeastern Himalaya owing to the dipolar nature of ISM precipitation. High-frequency sub-decadal to centennial scale pulses of weakened summer monsoons are observed during 16th to 19th century CE. These phases of weak ISM are correlated with severe droughts and famines in the Indian subcontinent owing to deficient monsoon rainfall, which had pronounced effect on South Asian societies. Spectral analysis suggests a strong periodicity of 190 yr (de Vries cycle) indicating strong influence of solar insolation.

AB - This study presents a stable oxygen isotope record of Indian summer monsoon (ISM) variability using cave speleothem carbonate from Baratang Island (Andaman Islands) encompassing the last millennium (from 10th to 19th century CE). The studied interval encompasses two major climatic events; the Medieval Climate Anomaly (MCA) and the Little Ice Age (LIA) as well as the Current Warm Period (CWP). Our data suggest generally higher precipitation during the warm MCA when the ISM was relatively strong, and low precipitation during the cold LIA with a few exceptions when wet conditions prevailed. The Baratang cave record shows greater similarity with the records from the Sahiya and Klang caves, and opposite trends relative to those from the northeastern Himalaya owing to the dipolar nature of ISM precipitation. High-frequency sub-decadal to centennial scale pulses of weakened summer monsoons are observed during 16th to 19th century CE. These phases of weak ISM are correlated with severe droughts and famines in the Indian subcontinent owing to deficient monsoon rainfall, which had pronounced effect on South Asian societies. Spectral analysis suggests a strong periodicity of 190 yr (de Vries cycle) indicating strong influence of solar insolation.

KW - Baratang cave

KW - Current warm period

KW - Indian monsoon dipole

KW - Inter tropical convergence zone

KW - Little Ice Age

KW - Medieval climate anomaly

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DO - 10.1016/j.palaeo.2020.109908

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:85088394209

SN - 0031-0182

VL - 557

JO - Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology

JF - Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology

M1 - 109908

ER -

Indian summer monsoon variability during the last millennium as recorded in stalagmite from Baratang Mahadev cave, Andaman Islands

Abstract

Bibliographical note

Keywords

UN SDGs

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