Abstract
In an investigation of the role of monokines in CMV associated immunosuppression we document modulation of both TNF and IL-1β in CMV infected THP-1 cells. CMV infected cultures released almost two-fold more IL-1β protein and contained significantly higher IL-1β mRNA levels than uninfected cultures for 72-96 h after induction. In both CMV infected and uninfected cultures, significant amounts of IL-1β protein were not detected until 24 h post induction, while maximum amounts of TNF were detected in culture supernatants by 3 h post induction, suggesting that TNF may play a role in IL-1β induction. TNF levels subsequently declined but in infected cultures remained over 2.5-fold higher than controls through 96 h. The CMV alteration in the kinetics and extent of IL-1β release must be indirectly mediated by CMV since only 1% of THP-1 cells were infected. Most infected cells expressed CMV immediate early proteins but did not overexpress IL-1. We speculate that CMV infected cells release excess TNF or other stimulatory factors which increase IL-1β synthesis. Since IL-1β is increased, the decreased IL-1 'activity' described by others as an explanation in part for the immunosuppressive effects of infection may actually reflect alterations of IL-1 inhibitor levels during CMV infection.
Original language | English (US) |
---|---|
Pages (from-to) | 135-145 |
Number of pages | 11 |
Journal | Microbial Pathogenesis |
Volume | 7 |
Issue number | 2 |
DOIs | |
State | Published - Aug 1989 |
Bibliographical note
Copyright:Copyright 2014 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
Keywords
- THP-1 cells
- human cytomegalovirus
- interleukin 1β
- monocytes
- tumor necrosis factor