Improving bio-oil quality from low-density polyethylene pyrolysis: Effects of varying activation and pyrolysis parameters

Dengle Duan; Zhiqiang Feng; Xiaoyong Dong; Xiaoru Chen; Yayun Zhang; Kun Wan; Yunpu Wang; Qin Wang; Gengsheng Xiao; Huifan Liu; Roger Ruan

doi:10.1016/j.energy.2021.121090

Improving bio-oil quality from low-density polyethylene pyrolysis: Effects of varying activation and pyrolysis parameters

Dengle Duan, Zhiqiang Feng, Xiaoyong Dong, Xiaoru Chen, Yayun Zhang, Kun Wan, Yunpu Wang, Qin Wang, Gengsheng Xiao, Huifan Liu, Roger Ruan

Bioproducts and Biosystems Engineering

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

35 Scopus citations

Abstract

Activated carbons have recently emerged as renewable and efficient catalysts in converting low-density polyethylene (LDPE) into valuable chemical and fuels, while the effects of various structure characters and operating conditions on the catalytic reactions of LDPE have not been well interpreted. Here, the renewable Chestnut shell is used to produce catalyst (CNSACC), then applied in catalytic pyrolysis process for the first time to conclude fatidic perception in the optimal process in improving jet fuel range aromatics and H₂-enriched fuel gas. Activating reagent concentration and carbonization temperature play critical roles in the specific surface area and acidity, having optima conditions in obtaining target chemicals due to unique inherent structure of parent CNS. The catalytic temperature and catalyst loading also give rise to different catalytic performance. The results showed that the main compositions of attained bio-oil are belonged to jet fuel range hydrocarbons (up to 100%). The optimal selectivity of aromatics (95.88%) with a high content of H₂ (65.37 vol%) could be achieved at a H₃PO₄/CNS ratio of 0.8, carbonization temperature of 850 °C, catalytic temperature of 550 °C and CNSACC/LDPE ratio of 1.0. This may provide fresh insight into fabricating catalyst from biomass, and give suggestions to upgradation of pyrolysis products.

Original language	English (US)
Article number	121090
Journal	Energy
Volume	232
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2021.121090
State	Published - Oct 1 2021

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
This project is financially supported by Key Technology Achievement Transformation Project of Deep Processing of Agricultural and Sideline Products in Guangdong Heyuan National Agricultural Science and Technology Park ( 2019002 ), CAS Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy (No. E129kf0401 ), National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 22008073 ), Shanghai Sailing Program (No. 20YF1410600 ), the Centrally Guided Local Science Technology Special Project ( 20202ZDB01012 ) and the Major Discipline Academic and Technical Leaders Training Program of Jiangxi Province ( 20204BCJ23011 ).

Funding Information:
Activated carbon (AC) can be used as a catalyst or catalyst support because its excellent porous properties and distribution, embedded acid group, and remarkable chemical and hydrothermal stability [27,28]. Numerous studies have revealed that AC as catalyst can improve the selectivity of phenols in resulted liquid oil from lignocellulose biomass (LB) pyrolysis process [29,30]. However, to best of knowledge, very few researchers were devoted to using AC as catalyst in catalytic pyrolysis of hydrogen-rich solid waste (HSW) materials. Our previous study demonstrated that AC derived from corn cob by H3PO4 activation could convert HSW-soapstock to aromatics rather than phenols [28]. The H/C ratio value for HSW materials are always higher than LB materials, leading to HSW materials can be used as hydrogen supplier during catalytic pyrolysis process. The AC can provide cracking and aromatization reactions by acid activated reaction sites like P?OH, P[dbnd]O and C?O?P, leading to generation of aromatics. Other studies also revealed that H3PO4-AC catalyst could promote the generation of aromatics in the process of HSW-plastics catalytic pyrolysis [31,32]. Nevertheless, most aforementioned studies were mainly engaged in generating aromatics by in-situ catalytic pyrolysis system with few attentions employed to use ex-situ catalytic pyrolysis system. Besides, the bio-gas compositions were always neglected, which was not conducive to reaction mechanism research since the bio-gas analysis can provide important information. In addition, the catalytic performance of AC is related with raw material types, generation methods and catalytic conditions, which were not investigated well to date.This project is financially supported by Key Technology Achievement Transformation Project of Deep Processing of Agricultural and Sideline Products in Guangdong Heyuan National Agricultural Science and Technology Park (2019002), CAS Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy (No. E129kf0401), National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 22008073), Shanghai Sailing Program (No. 20YF1410600), the Centrally Guided Local Science Technology Special Project (20202ZDB01012) and the Major Discipline Academic and Technical Leaders Training Program of Jiangxi Province (20204BCJ23011).

Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 Elsevier Ltd

Keywords

Aromatic
CNSACC
Ex-situ system
H
LDPE

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

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10.1016/j.energy.2021.121090

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@article{5b6d60eea19c42c097b544aeba48f499,

title = "Improving bio-oil quality from low-density polyethylene pyrolysis: Effects of varying activation and pyrolysis parameters",

abstract = "Activated carbons have recently emerged as renewable and efficient catalysts in converting low-density polyethylene (LDPE) into valuable chemical and fuels, while the effects of various structure characters and operating conditions on the catalytic reactions of LDPE have not been well interpreted. Here, the renewable Chestnut shell is used to produce catalyst (CNSACC), then applied in catalytic pyrolysis process for the first time to conclude fatidic perception in the optimal process in improving jet fuel range aromatics and H2-enriched fuel gas. Activating reagent concentration and carbonization temperature play critical roles in the specific surface area and acidity, having optima conditions in obtaining target chemicals due to unique inherent structure of parent CNS. The catalytic temperature and catalyst loading also give rise to different catalytic performance. The results showed that the main compositions of attained bio-oil are belonged to jet fuel range hydrocarbons (up to 100%). The optimal selectivity of aromatics (95.88%) with a high content of H2 (65.37 vol%) could be achieved at a H3PO4/CNS ratio of 0.8, carbonization temperature of 850 °C, catalytic temperature of 550 °C and CNSACC/LDPE ratio of 1.0. This may provide fresh insight into fabricating catalyst from biomass, and give suggestions to upgradation of pyrolysis products.",

keywords = "Aromatic, CNSACC, Ex-situ system, H, LDPE",

author = "Dengle Duan and Zhiqiang Feng and Xiaoyong Dong and Xiaoru Chen and Yayun Zhang and Kun Wan and Yunpu Wang and Qin Wang and Gengsheng Xiao and Huifan Liu and Roger Ruan",

note = "Funding Information: This project is financially supported by Key Technology Achievement Transformation Project of Deep Processing of Agricultural and Sideline Products in Guangdong Heyuan National Agricultural Science and Technology Park ( 2019002 ), CAS Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy (No. E129kf0401 ), National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 22008073 ), Shanghai Sailing Program (No. 20YF1410600 ), the Centrally Guided Local Science Technology Special Project ( 20202ZDB01012 ) and the Major Discipline Academic and Technical Leaders Training Program of Jiangxi Province ( 20204BCJ23011 ). Funding Information: Activated carbon (AC) can be used as a catalyst or catalyst support because its excellent porous properties and distribution, embedded acid group, and remarkable chemical and hydrothermal stability [27,28]. Numerous studies have revealed that AC as catalyst can improve the selectivity of phenols in resulted liquid oil from lignocellulose biomass (LB) pyrolysis process [29,30]. However, to best of knowledge, very few researchers were devoted to using AC as catalyst in catalytic pyrolysis of hydrogen-rich solid waste (HSW) materials. Our previous study demonstrated that AC derived from corn cob by H3PO4 activation could convert HSW-soapstock to aromatics rather than phenols [28]. The H/C ratio value for HSW materials are always higher than LB materials, leading to HSW materials can be used as hydrogen supplier during catalytic pyrolysis process. The AC can provide cracking and aromatization reactions by acid activated reaction sites like P?OH, P[dbnd]O and C?O?P, leading to generation of aromatics. Other studies also revealed that H3PO4-AC catalyst could promote the generation of aromatics in the process of HSW-plastics catalytic pyrolysis [31,32]. Nevertheless, most aforementioned studies were mainly engaged in generating aromatics by in-situ catalytic pyrolysis system with few attentions employed to use ex-situ catalytic pyrolysis system. Besides, the bio-gas compositions were always neglected, which was not conducive to reaction mechanism research since the bio-gas analysis can provide important information. In addition, the catalytic performance of AC is related with raw material types, generation methods and catalytic conditions, which were not investigated well to date.This project is financially supported by Key Technology Achievement Transformation Project of Deep Processing of Agricultural and Sideline Products in Guangdong Heyuan National Agricultural Science and Technology Park (2019002), CAS Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy (No. E129kf0401), National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 22008073), Shanghai Sailing Program (No. 20YF1410600), the Centrally Guided Local Science Technology Special Project (20202ZDB01012) and the Major Discipline Academic and Technical Leaders Training Program of Jiangxi Province (20204BCJ23011). Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2021 Elsevier Ltd",

year = "2021",

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day = "1",

doi = "10.1016/j.energy.2021.121090",

language = "English (US)",

volume = "232",

journal = "Energy",

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T1 - Improving bio-oil quality from low-density polyethylene pyrolysis

T2 - Effects of varying activation and pyrolysis parameters

AU - Duan, Dengle

AU - Feng, Zhiqiang

AU - Dong, Xiaoyong

AU - Chen, Xiaoru

AU - Zhang, Yayun

AU - Wan, Kun

AU - Wang, Yunpu

AU - Wang, Qin

AU - Xiao, Gengsheng

AU - Liu, Huifan

AU - Ruan, Roger

N1 - Funding Information: This project is financially supported by Key Technology Achievement Transformation Project of Deep Processing of Agricultural and Sideline Products in Guangdong Heyuan National Agricultural Science and Technology Park ( 2019002 ), CAS Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy (No. E129kf0401 ), National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 22008073 ), Shanghai Sailing Program (No. 20YF1410600 ), the Centrally Guided Local Science Technology Special Project ( 20202ZDB01012 ) and the Major Discipline Academic and Technical Leaders Training Program of Jiangxi Province ( 20204BCJ23011 ). Funding Information: Activated carbon (AC) can be used as a catalyst or catalyst support because its excellent porous properties and distribution, embedded acid group, and remarkable chemical and hydrothermal stability [27,28]. Numerous studies have revealed that AC as catalyst can improve the selectivity of phenols in resulted liquid oil from lignocellulose biomass (LB) pyrolysis process [29,30]. However, to best of knowledge, very few researchers were devoted to using AC as catalyst in catalytic pyrolysis of hydrogen-rich solid waste (HSW) materials. Our previous study demonstrated that AC derived from corn cob by H3PO4 activation could convert HSW-soapstock to aromatics rather than phenols [28]. The H/C ratio value for HSW materials are always higher than LB materials, leading to HSW materials can be used as hydrogen supplier during catalytic pyrolysis process. The AC can provide cracking and aromatization reactions by acid activated reaction sites like P?OH, P[dbnd]O and C?O?P, leading to generation of aromatics. Other studies also revealed that H3PO4-AC catalyst could promote the generation of aromatics in the process of HSW-plastics catalytic pyrolysis [31,32]. Nevertheless, most aforementioned studies were mainly engaged in generating aromatics by in-situ catalytic pyrolysis system with few attentions employed to use ex-situ catalytic pyrolysis system. Besides, the bio-gas compositions were always neglected, which was not conducive to reaction mechanism research since the bio-gas analysis can provide important information. In addition, the catalytic performance of AC is related with raw material types, generation methods and catalytic conditions, which were not investigated well to date.This project is financially supported by Key Technology Achievement Transformation Project of Deep Processing of Agricultural and Sideline Products in Guangdong Heyuan National Agricultural Science and Technology Park (2019002), CAS Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy (No. E129kf0401), National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 22008073), Shanghai Sailing Program (No. 20YF1410600), the Centrally Guided Local Science Technology Special Project (20202ZDB01012) and the Major Discipline Academic and Technical Leaders Training Program of Jiangxi Province (20204BCJ23011). Publisher Copyright: © 2021 Elsevier Ltd

PY - 2021/10/1

Y1 - 2021/10/1

N2 - Activated carbons have recently emerged as renewable and efficient catalysts in converting low-density polyethylene (LDPE) into valuable chemical and fuels, while the effects of various structure characters and operating conditions on the catalytic reactions of LDPE have not been well interpreted. Here, the renewable Chestnut shell is used to produce catalyst (CNSACC), then applied in catalytic pyrolysis process for the first time to conclude fatidic perception in the optimal process in improving jet fuel range aromatics and H2-enriched fuel gas. Activating reagent concentration and carbonization temperature play critical roles in the specific surface area and acidity, having optima conditions in obtaining target chemicals due to unique inherent structure of parent CNS. The catalytic temperature and catalyst loading also give rise to different catalytic performance. The results showed that the main compositions of attained bio-oil are belonged to jet fuel range hydrocarbons (up to 100%). The optimal selectivity of aromatics (95.88%) with a high content of H2 (65.37 vol%) could be achieved at a H3PO4/CNS ratio of 0.8, carbonization temperature of 850 °C, catalytic temperature of 550 °C and CNSACC/LDPE ratio of 1.0. This may provide fresh insight into fabricating catalyst from biomass, and give suggestions to upgradation of pyrolysis products.

AB - Activated carbons have recently emerged as renewable and efficient catalysts in converting low-density polyethylene (LDPE) into valuable chemical and fuels, while the effects of various structure characters and operating conditions on the catalytic reactions of LDPE have not been well interpreted. Here, the renewable Chestnut shell is used to produce catalyst (CNSACC), then applied in catalytic pyrolysis process for the first time to conclude fatidic perception in the optimal process in improving jet fuel range aromatics and H2-enriched fuel gas. Activating reagent concentration and carbonization temperature play critical roles in the specific surface area and acidity, having optima conditions in obtaining target chemicals due to unique inherent structure of parent CNS. The catalytic temperature and catalyst loading also give rise to different catalytic performance. The results showed that the main compositions of attained bio-oil are belonged to jet fuel range hydrocarbons (up to 100%). The optimal selectivity of aromatics (95.88%) with a high content of H2 (65.37 vol%) could be achieved at a H3PO4/CNS ratio of 0.8, carbonization temperature of 850 °C, catalytic temperature of 550 °C and CNSACC/LDPE ratio of 1.0. This may provide fresh insight into fabricating catalyst from biomass, and give suggestions to upgradation of pyrolysis products.

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Improving bio-oil quality from low-density polyethylene pyrolysis: Effects of varying activation and pyrolysis parameters

Abstract

Bibliographical note

Keywords

UN SDGs

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