Impact of cigarette smoking on clinical outcomes of periodontal flap surgical procedures: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Keyphrases

• Meta-analysis 100%
• Smokers 100%
• Non-smokers 100%
• Surgical Procedures 100%
• Cigarette Smoking 100%
• Systematic Meta-analysis 100%
• Periodontal Flap 100%
• Clinical Outcomes 100%
• Clinical Attachment Level 66%
• Probing Depth 66%
• Risk of Bias 50%
• High Risk 16%
• Low Risk 16%
• Therapeutic Effect 16%
• Periodontal Disease 16%
• Treatment Effect 16%
• Subgingival 16%
• Confidence Interval 16%
• Cigarette Smokers 16%
• Controlled Experiment 16%
• Abstaining 16%
• Active Smokers 16%
• Moderate Risk 16%
• Mean Gain 16%
• Search Strategy 16%
• Substantial Reduction 16%
• Optimization Search 16%
• Gingival Inflammation 16%
• Periodontal Healing 16%
• Periodontal Plastic Surgery 16%

Medicine and Dentistry

• Systematic Review 100%
• Meta-Analysis 100%
• Cigarette Smoking 100%
• Surgical Technique 100%
• Clinical Study 50%
• Therapy Effect 25%
• Study Participant 25%
• Flap (Surgery) 25%
• Gingivitis 25%
• Treatment Effect 25%
• Periodontal Disease 25%

Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutical Science

• Clinical Study 100%
• Cigarette Smoking 100%
• Therapeutic Effect 50%
• Periodontal Disease 50%
• Gingivitis 50%