Ileal Effect on Blood Glucose, HbA1c, and GLP-1 in Goto-Kakizaki Rats

Henry Buchwald, Hector J. Menchaca, Van N. Michalek, Nestor T. Bertin

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

9 Scopus citations

Abstract

Background: There have been enumerable studies on the effects of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) on satiety and pancreatic islet function, stimulating the advocacy of surgical transposition of the ileum (rich in GLP-1-generating L-cells) higher in the gastrointestinal tract for earlier stimulation. In the Goto-Kakizaki rat with naturally occurring type 2 diabetes, we studied the influence of ileal exclusion (IE) and ileal resection (IR) on blood glucose, hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), and GLP-1.

Methods: In six control (Ctrl), 10 IE, and 10 IR rats, over 12 weeks of follow-up, we determined blood glucose, HbA1c, and GLP-1.

Results: Two animals in the IE and IR groups did not survive to week 13. Both operated groups weighed more than the Ctrl group at baseline and at 13 weeks; thus, IE and IR did not retard weight gain (p < 0.05). All three groups were equally hyperglycemic at week 13: 255 ± 10.2 Ctrl, 262 ± 11.0 IE, 292 ± 17.8 IR (mg/dl ± SEM). The three groups had statistically identical markedly elevated HbA1c percentages at week 13: 14.7 ± 28 Ctrl, 11.7 ± 3.4 IE, 13.8 ± 3.5 IR (% ± SEM). The end-study GLP-1 values (pM ± SEM) were 5 ± 0.9 Ctrl, 33 ± 8.9 IE, and 25 ± 6.7 IR. P values for intergroup differences were IE vs. Ctrl 0.02, IR vs. Ctrl 0.02, and IE vs. IR 0.59.

Conclusions: Neither IE nor IR resulted in a decrease in the mean GLP-1 level. On the contrary, the exclusion or resection of the L-cell rich ileum raised GLP-1 levels 5- to 6-fold. This increase in the GLP-1 was not associated with the mitigation of hyperglycemia or elevated HbA1c levels.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)1954-1960
Number of pages7
JournalObesity Surgery
Volume24
Issue number11
DOIs
StatePublished - Oct 11 2014

Bibliographical note

Publisher Copyright:
© 2014, Springer Science+Business Media New York.

Keywords

  • Blood glucose
  • GLP-1
  • Hemoglobin A1c
  • Intestinal exclusion
  • Intestinal resection

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