Abstract
BACKGROUND: The incidence rates of endometrial cancer (EC) are increasing, which may partly be explained by the rising prevalence of obesity, an established risk factor for EC. Hypertension, another component of metabolic syndrome, is also increasing in prevalence, and emerging evidence suggests that it may be associated with the development of certain cancers. The role of hypertension independent of other components of metabolic syndrome in the etiology of EC remains unclear. In this study we evaluated hypertension as an independent risk factor for EC and whether this association is modified by other established risk factors.
METHODS: We included 15,631 EC cases and 42,239 controls matched on age, race, and study-specific factors from 29 studies in the Epidemiology of Endometrial Cancer Consortium. We used multivariable unconditional logistic regression models to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) to evaluate the association between hypertension and EC and whether this association differed by study design, race/ethnicity, body mass index, diabetes status, smoking status, or reproductive factors.
RESULTS: Hypertension was associated with an increased risk of EC (OR=1.14, 95% CI:1.09-1.19). There was significant heterogeneity by study design (Phet<0.01), with a stronger magnitude of association observed among case-control vs. cohort studies. Stronger associations were also noted for pre-/peri-menopausal women and never users of postmenopausal hormone therapy.
CONCLUSIONS: Hypertension is associated with EC risk independently from known risk factors. Future research should focus on biologic mechanisms underlying this association.
IMPACT: This study provides evidence that hypertension may be an independent risk factor for EC.
Original language | English (US) |
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Pages (from-to) | 788-795 |
Number of pages | 8 |
Journal | Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology |
Volume | 33 |
Issue number | 6 |
Early online date | Mar 26 2024 |
DOIs | |
State | Published - Jun 1 2024 |
Bibliographical note
Publisher Copyright:© 2024 American Association for Cancer Research Inc.. All rights reserved.
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