HLA-Identical Sibling Allogeneic Transplants versus Chemotherapy in Acute Myelogenous Leukemia with t(8;21) in First Complete Remission: Collaborative Study between the German AML Intergroup and CIBMTR

Richard F. Schlenk, Marcelo C. Pasquini, Waleska S. Pérez, Mei Jie Zhang, Jürgen Krauter, Joseph H. Antin, Asad Bashey, Brian J. Bolwell, Thomas Büchner, Jean Yves Cahn, Mitchell S. Cairo, Edward A. Copelan, Corey S. Cutler, Hartmut Döhner, Robert Peter Gale, Osman Ilhan, Hillard M. Lazarus, Jane L. Liesveld, Mark R. Litzow, David I. MarksRichard T. Maziarz, Philip L. McCarthy, Stephen D. Nimer, Jorge Sierra, Martin S. Tallman, Daniel J. Weisdorf, Mary M. Horowitz, Arnold Ganser

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47 Scopus citations

Abstract

We studied the role of HLA-matched sibling hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) in treating t(8;21) acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) in first remission. Outcomes of 118 patients receiving HCT and reported to the Center for International Blood and Marrow Transplant Research were compared with 132 similar patients receiving chemotherapy selected from 8 German AML Intergroup multicenter trials. Characteristics of the cohorts were similar except that chemotherapy recipients were significantly older. To adjust for time to treatment bias, outcomes were compared using left-truncated Cox regression models. Transplants were associated with higher treatment-related mortality (TRM; relative risk [RR] 6.76, 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.95-15.45, P < .001), lower relapse (RR 0.47, 95% CI 0.25-0.85, P = .01), and similar relapse-free survival (P = .2). Loss of sex chromosomes (LOS) in addition to t(8;21) had a negative impact on overall survival (OS) in patients receiving chemotherapy. Patients without LOS experienced shorter survival after HCT comparing to chemotherapy (RR 3.05, P = .02), whereas patients with LOS had similar survival regardless of postremission therapy. In both cohorts, white blood cell count (WBC) at diagnosis >25 × 109/L was associated with a higher relapse risk (RR = 2.09, P = .03), lower relapse-free (RR = 1.9, P = .008), and OS (RR = 1.91, P = .01). In this cohort of patients with t(8;21) AML, HCT did not improve OS, because reduction of relapse was offset by high TRM. In the group without LOS, survival after chemotherapy was far superior to HCT. These results suggest that patients with t(8;21) AML without poor prognostic factors have higher rates of survival after chemotherapy as a post remission therapy compared to HCT.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)187-196
Number of pages10
JournalBiology of Blood and Marrow Transplantation
Volume14
Issue number2
DOIs
StatePublished - Feb 2008

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
This study was presented as an abstract at the 47th annual American Society of Hematology in Atlanta, Georgia, December 2005. The CIBMTR is supported by Public Health Service Grant U24-CA76518 from the National Cancer Institute, the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, and the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute; Office of Naval Research; Health Services Research Administration (DHHS); and grants from Abbott Laboratories; Aetna; American International Group, Inc.; American Red Cross; Amgen, Inc.; Anonymous donation to the Medical College of Wisconsin (MCW); AnorMED, Inc.; Astellas Pharma US, Inc.; Baxter International, Inc.; Berlex Laboratories, Inc.; Biogen IDEC, Inc.; BloodCenter of Wisconsin; Blue Cross and Blue Shield Association; Bristol-Myers-Squibb Company; BRT Laboratories, Inc.; Cangene Corporation; Celgene Corporation; CellGenix, Inc.; Cell Therapeutics, Inc.; CelMed Biosciences; Cylex Inc.; Cytonome, Inc.; CytoTherm; DOR BioPharma, Inc.; Dynal Biotech, an Invitrogen Company; Enzon Pharmaceuticals, Inc.; Gambro BCT, Inc.; Gamida Cell, Ltd.; Genzyme Corporation; Gift of Life Bone Marrow Foundation; GlaxoSmithKline, Inc.; Histogenetics, Inc.; HKS Medical Information Systems; Kirin Brewery Co., Ltd.; Merck & Company; The Medical College of Wisconsin; Millennium Pharmaceuticals, Inc.; Miller Pharmacal Group; Milliman USA, Inc.; Miltenyi Biotec, Inc.; MultiPlan, Inc.; National Marrow Donor Program; Nature Publishing Group; Novartis Pharmaceuticals, Inc.; Osiris Therapeutics, Inc.; Pall Medical; Pfizer, Inc.; Pharmion Corporation; PDL BioPharma, Inc; Roche Laboratories; Sanofi-aventis; Schering Plough Corporation; StemCyte, Inc.; StemSoft Software, Inc.; SuperGen, Inc.; Sysmex; The Marrow Foundation; THERAKOS, Inc.; University of Colorado Cord Blood Bank; ViaCell, Inc.; ViraCor Laboratories; Wellpoint, Inc.; and Zelos Therapeutics, Inc. The German AML Intergroup is supported by grant 01GI9981 from the Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung (Kompetenznetz “Akute und chronische Leukämien”), Germany. The views expressed in this article do not reflect the official policy or position of the National Institutes of Health, the Department of the Navy, the Department of Defense, or any other agency of the U.S. Government.

Keywords

  • AML
  • Chemotherapy
  • Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation
  • t(8;21)

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