Histopathologic insights into the mechanism of anti-non-Gal antibody-mediated pig cardiac xenograft rejection

Guerard W. Byrne; Agnes M. Azimzadeh; Mohamed Ezzelarab; Henry D. Tazelaar; Burcin Ekser; Richard N. Pierson; Simon C. Robson; David K.C. Cooper; Christopher G.A. McGregor

doi:10.1111/xen.12050

Histopathologic insights into the mechanism of anti-non-Gal antibody-mediated pig cardiac xenograft rejection

Guerard W. Byrne, Agnes M. Azimzadeh, Mohamed Ezzelarab, Henry D. Tazelaar, Burcin Ekser, Richard N. Pierson, Simon C. Robson, David K.C. Cooper, Christopher G.A. McGregor

Research output: Contribution to journal › Review article › peer-review

18 Scopus citations

Abstract

The histopathology of cardiac xenograft rejection has evolved over the last 20 yr with the development of new modalities for limiting antibody-mediated injury, advancing regimens for immune suppression, and an ever-widening variety of new donor genetics. These new technologies have helped us progress from what was once an overwhelming anti-Gal-mediated hyperacute rejection to a more protracted anti-Gal-mediated vascular rejection to what is now a more complex manifestation of non-Gal humoral rejection and coagulation dysregulation. This review summarizes the changing histopathology of Gal- and non-Gal-mediated cardiac xenograft rejection and discusses the contributions of immune-mediated injury, species-specific immune-independent factors, transplant and therapeutic procedures, and donor genetics to the overall mechanism(s) of cardiac xenograft rejection.

Original language	English (US)
Pages (from-to)	292-307
Number of pages	16
Journal	Xenotransplantation
Volume	20
Issue number	5
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1111/xen.12050
State	Published - Sep 2013
Externally published	Yes

Keywords

Gal epitope
cardiac transplantation
coagulation
complement activation
orthotopic transplantation
xenotransplantation

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10.1111/xen.12050

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title = "Histopathologic insights into the mechanism of anti-non-Gal antibody-mediated pig cardiac xenograft rejection",

abstract = "The histopathology of cardiac xenograft rejection has evolved over the last 20 yr with the development of new modalities for limiting antibody-mediated injury, advancing regimens for immune suppression, and an ever-widening variety of new donor genetics. These new technologies have helped us progress from what was once an overwhelming anti-Gal-mediated hyperacute rejection to a more protracted anti-Gal-mediated vascular rejection to what is now a more complex manifestation of non-Gal humoral rejection and coagulation dysregulation. This review summarizes the changing histopathology of Gal- and non-Gal-mediated cardiac xenograft rejection and discusses the contributions of immune-mediated injury, species-specific immune-independent factors, transplant and therapeutic procedures, and donor genetics to the overall mechanism(s) of cardiac xenograft rejection.",

keywords = "Gal epitope, cardiac transplantation, coagulation, complement activation, orthotopic transplantation, xenotransplantation",

author = "Byrne, {Guerard W.} and Azimzadeh, {Agnes M.} and Mohamed Ezzelarab and Tazelaar, {Henry D.} and Burcin Ekser and Pierson, {Richard N.} and Robson, {Simon C.} and Cooper, {David K.C.} and McGregor, {Christopher G.A.}",

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AU - Byrne, Guerard W.

AU - Azimzadeh, Agnes M.

AU - Ezzelarab, Mohamed

AU - Tazelaar, Henry D.

AU - Ekser, Burcin

AU - Pierson, Richard N.

AU - Robson, Simon C.

AU - Cooper, David K.C.

AU - McGregor, Christopher G.A.

PY - 2013/9

Y1 - 2013/9

N2 - The histopathology of cardiac xenograft rejection has evolved over the last 20 yr with the development of new modalities for limiting antibody-mediated injury, advancing regimens for immune suppression, and an ever-widening variety of new donor genetics. These new technologies have helped us progress from what was once an overwhelming anti-Gal-mediated hyperacute rejection to a more protracted anti-Gal-mediated vascular rejection to what is now a more complex manifestation of non-Gal humoral rejection and coagulation dysregulation. This review summarizes the changing histopathology of Gal- and non-Gal-mediated cardiac xenograft rejection and discusses the contributions of immune-mediated injury, species-specific immune-independent factors, transplant and therapeutic procedures, and donor genetics to the overall mechanism(s) of cardiac xenograft rejection.

AB - The histopathology of cardiac xenograft rejection has evolved over the last 20 yr with the development of new modalities for limiting antibody-mediated injury, advancing regimens for immune suppression, and an ever-widening variety of new donor genetics. These new technologies have helped us progress from what was once an overwhelming anti-Gal-mediated hyperacute rejection to a more protracted anti-Gal-mediated vascular rejection to what is now a more complex manifestation of non-Gal humoral rejection and coagulation dysregulation. This review summarizes the changing histopathology of Gal- and non-Gal-mediated cardiac xenograft rejection and discusses the contributions of immune-mediated injury, species-specific immune-independent factors, transplant and therapeutic procedures, and donor genetics to the overall mechanism(s) of cardiac xenograft rejection.

KW - Gal epitope

KW - cardiac transplantation

KW - coagulation

KW - complement activation

KW - orthotopic transplantation

KW - xenotransplantation

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Histopathologic insights into the mechanism of anti-non-Gal antibody-mediated pig cardiac xenograft rejection

Abstract

Keywords

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