High-temperature solar thermal processing Zn(s) and CO from ZnO(s) and C(gr) using Ti2O3(s) and TiO2(s)

R. D. Palumbo; M. B. Campbell; T. H. Grafe

doi:10.1016/0360-5442(92)90067-A

High-temperature solar thermal processing Zn(s) and CO from ZnO(s) and C(gr) using Ti₂O₃(s) and TiO₂(s)

R. D. Palumbo, M. B. Campbell, T. H. Grafe

Mechanical & Industrial Engineering

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Abstract

An analytical model of a two-step solar process that produces Zn(s) and CO from ZnO(s) and C(gr) is presented. The process occurs in two steps according to the following reaction scheme: Ti₂O₃(s) + ZnO(s) → Zn + 2TiO₂(s) (low temperature), 2TiO₂(s) + C(gr) → Ti₂O₃(s) + CO (high temperature). We demonstrate theoretical effects of operating conditions on process performance. The reactions were also studied experimentally. We produced Zn(s) with the first reaction in an electric furnace in the temperature range of 900-1275 K in 1 atm of Ar. The second reaction and related ones were performed in a solar furnace. Ti₂O₃(s) and higher Ti_NO_2N-1(s) formed at temperatures between 1675 and 2175 K. These higher oxides also react with ZnO(s) to produce Zn(s). Some of our experiences and experimental techniques are described.

Original language	English (US)
Pages (from-to)	179-190
Number of pages	12
Journal	Energy
Volume	17
Issue number	2
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/0360-5442(92)90067-A
State	Published - Feb 1992

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@article{a6b00741058f4fb79aa409651d3fa3ea,

title = "High-temperature solar thermal processing Zn(s) and CO from ZnO(s) and C(gr) using Ti2O3(s) and TiO2(s)",

abstract = "An analytical model of a two-step solar process that produces Zn(s) and CO from ZnO(s) and C(gr) is presented. The process occurs in two steps according to the following reaction scheme: Ti2O3(s) + ZnO(s) → Zn + 2TiO2(s) (low temperature), 2TiO2(s) + C(gr) → Ti2O3(s) + CO (high temperature). We demonstrate theoretical effects of operating conditions on process performance. The reactions were also studied experimentally. We produced Zn(s) with the first reaction in an electric furnace in the temperature range of 900-1275 K in 1 atm of Ar. The second reaction and related ones were performed in a solar furnace. Ti2O3(s) and higher TiNO2N-1(s) formed at temperatures between 1675 and 2175 K. These higher oxides also react with ZnO(s) to produce Zn(s). Some of our experiences and experimental techniques are described.",

author = "Palumbo, {R. D.} and Campbell, {M. B.} and Grafe, {T. H.}",

year = "1992",

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T1 - High-temperature solar thermal processing Zn(s) and CO from ZnO(s) and C(gr) using Ti2O3(s) and TiO2(s)

AU - Palumbo, R. D.

AU - Campbell, M. B.

AU - Grafe, T. H.

PY - 1992/2

Y1 - 1992/2

N2 - An analytical model of a two-step solar process that produces Zn(s) and CO from ZnO(s) and C(gr) is presented. The process occurs in two steps according to the following reaction scheme: Ti2O3(s) + ZnO(s) → Zn + 2TiO2(s) (low temperature), 2TiO2(s) + C(gr) → Ti2O3(s) + CO (high temperature). We demonstrate theoretical effects of operating conditions on process performance. The reactions were also studied experimentally. We produced Zn(s) with the first reaction in an electric furnace in the temperature range of 900-1275 K in 1 atm of Ar. The second reaction and related ones were performed in a solar furnace. Ti2O3(s) and higher TiNO2N-1(s) formed at temperatures between 1675 and 2175 K. These higher oxides also react with ZnO(s) to produce Zn(s). Some of our experiences and experimental techniques are described.

AB - An analytical model of a two-step solar process that produces Zn(s) and CO from ZnO(s) and C(gr) is presented. The process occurs in two steps according to the following reaction scheme: Ti2O3(s) + ZnO(s) → Zn + 2TiO2(s) (low temperature), 2TiO2(s) + C(gr) → Ti2O3(s) + CO (high temperature). We demonstrate theoretical effects of operating conditions on process performance. The reactions were also studied experimentally. We produced Zn(s) with the first reaction in an electric furnace in the temperature range of 900-1275 K in 1 atm of Ar. The second reaction and related ones were performed in a solar furnace. Ti2O3(s) and higher TiNO2N-1(s) formed at temperatures between 1675 and 2175 K. These higher oxides also react with ZnO(s) to produce Zn(s). Some of our experiences and experimental techniques are described.

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U2 - 10.1016/0360-5442(92)90067-A

DO - 10.1016/0360-5442(92)90067-A

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SN - 0360-5442

VL - 17

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EP - 190

JO - Energy

JF - Energy

IS - 2

ER -

High-temperature solar thermal processing Zn(s) and CO from ZnO(s) and C(gr) using Ti₂O₃(s) and TiO₂(s)

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