Hepatocyte adhesion on a poly[N-p-vinylbenzyl-4-O-β-D-galactopyranosyl-D-glucoamide]-coated poly(L-lactic acid) surface

A surface of poly(L-lactic acid) (PLLA) was modified by coating with poly [N-p-vinylbenzyl-4-O-β-D-galactopyranosyl-D-glucoamide] (PVLA), which was employed to improve the hepatocyte adhesion owing to its amphiphilic property and the presence of a hepatocyte recognition motif. We characterized the surface properties through water contact angle, electron spectroscopy for chemical analysis (ESCA), and scanning probe microscopy (SPM). The effect of PVLA coating on the efficiency of hepatocyte adhesion was evaluated by protein assay and optical microscopy. The surface morphology was under the influence of the concentration of PVLA coating solution and it played a critical role in hepatocyte adhesion. It was confirmed that galactose moieties in PVLA, which can bind to the asialoglycoprotein receptor (ASGPR) on hepatocytes, have a more dominant effect on hepatocyte adhesion than enhanced hydrophilicity. We suggest that the PVLA-PLLA system will be a useful method to improve hepatocyte cell seeding and adhesion onto scaffold matrices.