TY - JOUR
T1 - Graphical causal inference and copula regression model for apple keywords by text mining
AU - Kim, Jong Min
AU - Jun, Sunghae
PY - 2015/10
Y1 - 2015/10
N2 - Apple is a leading company of technological evolution and innovation. This company founded and produced the Apple I computer in 1976. Since then, based on its innovative technologies, Apple has launched creative and innovative products and services such as the iPod, iTunes, the iPhone, the Apple app store, and the iPad. In many fields of academia and business, diverse studies of Apple's technological innovation strategy have been performed. In this paper, we analyze Apple's patents to better understand its technological innovation. We collected all applied patents by Apple until now, and applied statistics and text mining for patent analysis. By using graphical causal inference method, we created the causal relations among Apple keywords preprocessed by text mining, and then we carried out the semiparametric Gaussian copula regression model to see how the target response keyword and the predictor keywords are relating to each other. Furthermore, Gaussian copula partial correlation was applied to Apple keywords to find out the detailed dependence structure. By performing these methods, this paper shows the technological trends and relations between Apple's technologies. This research could make contributions in finding vacant technology areas and central technologies for Apple's R&D planning.
AB - Apple is a leading company of technological evolution and innovation. This company founded and produced the Apple I computer in 1976. Since then, based on its innovative technologies, Apple has launched creative and innovative products and services such as the iPod, iTunes, the iPhone, the Apple app store, and the iPad. In many fields of academia and business, diverse studies of Apple's technological innovation strategy have been performed. In this paper, we analyze Apple's patents to better understand its technological innovation. We collected all applied patents by Apple until now, and applied statistics and text mining for patent analysis. By using graphical causal inference method, we created the causal relations among Apple keywords preprocessed by text mining, and then we carried out the semiparametric Gaussian copula regression model to see how the target response keyword and the predictor keywords are relating to each other. Furthermore, Gaussian copula partial correlation was applied to Apple keywords to find out the detailed dependence structure. By performing these methods, this paper shows the technological trends and relations between Apple's technologies. This research could make contributions in finding vacant technology areas and central technologies for Apple's R&D planning.
KW - Apple keywords
KW - Copula regression
KW - Graphical causal inference
KW - Patent analysis
KW - Text mining
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U2 - 10.1016/j.aei.2015.10.001
DO - 10.1016/j.aei.2015.10.001
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:84960800826
VL - 29
SP - 918
EP - 929
JO - Advanced Engineering Informatics
JF - Advanced Engineering Informatics
SN - 1474-0346
IS - 4
ER -