GnRH agonist Lupron® (leuprolide acetate) pre-treatments prevent ovulation in response to gonadotropin stimulation in the clouded leopard (Neofelis nebulosa)

Katharine M. Pelican; David E. Wildt; Jo Gayle Howard

doi:10.1016/j.theriogenology.2006.01.016

GnRH agonist Lupron^® (leuprolide acetate) pre-treatments prevent ovulation in response to gonadotropin stimulation in the clouded leopard (Neofelis nebulosa)

Katharine M. Pelican, David E. Wildt, Jo Gayle Howard

Veterinary Population Medicine

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

15 Scopus citations

Abstract

In many species, controlling the ovary prior to induction of ovulation improves the success of ovarian response and artificial insemination (AI). We assessed the impact of suppression of estrus with the GnRH agonist, Lupron^®, on ovarian sensitivity to equine chorionic gonadotropin (eCG) and human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) in the clouded leopard. Seven female clouded leopards were given two injections of Lupron^® (3.75 mg IM) 23 d apart, followed 44 d later by eCG and hCG. Daily fecal samples were collected from 60 d before Lupron^® to 60 d after hCG. Fecal metabolites of estrogen (E) and progesterone (P) were measured by radioimmunoassay. Lupron^® decreased (P < 0.05) the number of E peaks during Lupron^® treatment compared to pre-Lupron^®. All females had baseline E and six of seven (86%) had nadir P on day of eCG. Exogenous gonadotropins induced E elevations in all females. However, mean E in the gonadotropin-provoked estrus was decreased (P < 0.05) compared to pre-Lupron^® estrous periods. Only one of seven (14%) females ovulated after eCG/hCG. In conclusion, estrous cycle control with Lupron^® resulted in predictable ovarian suppression prior to gonadotropin stimulation but altered ovarian sensitivity by an as yet unknown mechanism so that ovulation was inhibited, even when using a proven exogenous gonadotropin protocol.

Original language	English (US)
Pages (from-to)	1768-1777
Number of pages	10
Journal	Theriogenology
Volume	66
Issue number	6-7
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.theriogenology.2006.01.016
State	Published - Oct 2006

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
Thanks to Megan Ross and Melissa Tafoya for technical assistance. We also are grateful to Jerry Aquilina (Buffalo Zoo), Rick Schwartz and Rita Buice (Nashville Zoo), Kenneth Lang (National Zoo's Conservation and Research Center), Beth Jo Schoeberl (Minnesota Zoological Garden), William Swanson (Cincinnati Zoo and Botanical Garden) and Karen Goodrowe (Toronto Zoo) for excellent assistance in organizing and conducting sample collection and for devoted care of the clouded leopards in this study. KMP acknowledges funding provided by NIH and Morris Animal Foundation.

Copyright:
Copyright 2008 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.

Keywords

Clouded leopard
GnRH agonist
Gonadotropin
Neofelis nebulosa
Ovarian suppression

Access

10.1016/j.theriogenology.2006.01.016

Cite this

@article{e2ef21c4783b46f2b5bca227b0713d92,

title = "GnRH agonist Lupron{\textregistered} (leuprolide acetate) pre-treatments prevent ovulation in response to gonadotropin stimulation in the clouded leopard (Neofelis nebulosa)",

abstract = "In many species, controlling the ovary prior to induction of ovulation improves the success of ovarian response and artificial insemination (AI). We assessed the impact of suppression of estrus with the GnRH agonist, Lupron{\textregistered}, on ovarian sensitivity to equine chorionic gonadotropin (eCG) and human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) in the clouded leopard. Seven female clouded leopards were given two injections of Lupron{\textregistered} (3.75 mg IM) 23 d apart, followed 44 d later by eCG and hCG. Daily fecal samples were collected from 60 d before Lupron{\textregistered} to 60 d after hCG. Fecal metabolites of estrogen (E) and progesterone (P) were measured by radioimmunoassay. Lupron{\textregistered} decreased (P < 0.05) the number of E peaks during Lupron{\textregistered} treatment compared to pre-Lupron{\textregistered}. All females had baseline E and six of seven (86%) had nadir P on day of eCG. Exogenous gonadotropins induced E elevations in all females. However, mean E in the gonadotropin-provoked estrus was decreased (P < 0.05) compared to pre-Lupron{\textregistered} estrous periods. Only one of seven (14%) females ovulated after eCG/hCG. In conclusion, estrous cycle control with Lupron{\textregistered} resulted in predictable ovarian suppression prior to gonadotropin stimulation but altered ovarian sensitivity by an as yet unknown mechanism so that ovulation was inhibited, even when using a proven exogenous gonadotropin protocol.",

keywords = "Clouded leopard, GnRH agonist, Gonadotropin, Neofelis nebulosa, Ovarian suppression",

author = "Pelican, {Katharine M.} and Wildt, {David E.} and Howard, {Jo Gayle}",

note = "Funding Information: Thanks to Megan Ross and Melissa Tafoya for technical assistance. We also are grateful to Jerry Aquilina (Buffalo Zoo), Rick Schwartz and Rita Buice (Nashville Zoo), Kenneth Lang (National Zoo's Conservation and Research Center), Beth Jo Schoeberl (Minnesota Zoological Garden), William Swanson (Cincinnati Zoo and Botanical Garden) and Karen Goodrowe (Toronto Zoo) for excellent assistance in organizing and conducting sample collection and for devoted care of the clouded leopards in this study. KMP acknowledges funding provided by NIH and Morris Animal Foundation. Copyright: Copyright 2008 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.",

year = "2006",

month = oct,

doi = "10.1016/j.theriogenology.2006.01.016",

language = "English (US)",

volume = "66",

pages = "1768--1777",

journal = "Theriogenology",

issn = "0093-691X",

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AU - Pelican, Katharine M.

AU - Wildt, David E.

AU - Howard, Jo Gayle

N1 - Funding Information: Thanks to Megan Ross and Melissa Tafoya for technical assistance. We also are grateful to Jerry Aquilina (Buffalo Zoo), Rick Schwartz and Rita Buice (Nashville Zoo), Kenneth Lang (National Zoo's Conservation and Research Center), Beth Jo Schoeberl (Minnesota Zoological Garden), William Swanson (Cincinnati Zoo and Botanical Garden) and Karen Goodrowe (Toronto Zoo) for excellent assistance in organizing and conducting sample collection and for devoted care of the clouded leopards in this study. KMP acknowledges funding provided by NIH and Morris Animal Foundation. Copyright: Copyright 2008 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.

PY - 2006/10

Y1 - 2006/10

N2 - In many species, controlling the ovary prior to induction of ovulation improves the success of ovarian response and artificial insemination (AI). We assessed the impact of suppression of estrus with the GnRH agonist, Lupron®, on ovarian sensitivity to equine chorionic gonadotropin (eCG) and human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) in the clouded leopard. Seven female clouded leopards were given two injections of Lupron® (3.75 mg IM) 23 d apart, followed 44 d later by eCG and hCG. Daily fecal samples were collected from 60 d before Lupron® to 60 d after hCG. Fecal metabolites of estrogen (E) and progesterone (P) were measured by radioimmunoassay. Lupron® decreased (P < 0.05) the number of E peaks during Lupron® treatment compared to pre-Lupron®. All females had baseline E and six of seven (86%) had nadir P on day of eCG. Exogenous gonadotropins induced E elevations in all females. However, mean E in the gonadotropin-provoked estrus was decreased (P < 0.05) compared to pre-Lupron® estrous periods. Only one of seven (14%) females ovulated after eCG/hCG. In conclusion, estrous cycle control with Lupron® resulted in predictable ovarian suppression prior to gonadotropin stimulation but altered ovarian sensitivity by an as yet unknown mechanism so that ovulation was inhibited, even when using a proven exogenous gonadotropin protocol.

AB - In many species, controlling the ovary prior to induction of ovulation improves the success of ovarian response and artificial insemination (AI). We assessed the impact of suppression of estrus with the GnRH agonist, Lupron®, on ovarian sensitivity to equine chorionic gonadotropin (eCG) and human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) in the clouded leopard. Seven female clouded leopards were given two injections of Lupron® (3.75 mg IM) 23 d apart, followed 44 d later by eCG and hCG. Daily fecal samples were collected from 60 d before Lupron® to 60 d after hCG. Fecal metabolites of estrogen (E) and progesterone (P) were measured by radioimmunoassay. Lupron® decreased (P < 0.05) the number of E peaks during Lupron® treatment compared to pre-Lupron®. All females had baseline E and six of seven (86%) had nadir P on day of eCG. Exogenous gonadotropins induced E elevations in all females. However, mean E in the gonadotropin-provoked estrus was decreased (P < 0.05) compared to pre-Lupron® estrous periods. Only one of seven (14%) females ovulated after eCG/hCG. In conclusion, estrous cycle control with Lupron® resulted in predictable ovarian suppression prior to gonadotropin stimulation but altered ovarian sensitivity by an as yet unknown mechanism so that ovulation was inhibited, even when using a proven exogenous gonadotropin protocol.

KW - Clouded leopard

KW - GnRH agonist

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KW - Neofelis nebulosa

KW - Ovarian suppression

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