Glutaraldehyde-based desensitizer does not influence postoperative sensitivity and clinical performance of posterior restorations: A 24-month randomized clinical trial

Objectives: To evaluate the influence of a glutaraldehyde-based desensitizer (GL) on postoperative sensitivity (POS) in posterior bulk-fill resin composite restorations using an adhesive applied in the self-etch (SE) and etch-and-rinse (ER) strategies; and to assess the clinical performance of the restorations. Methods: Posterior resin composite restorations (n = 228) at least 3 mm deep were inserted in 57 subjects using a split-mouth design. The adhesive was applied with/without prior application of a GL. A resin composite was used for all restorations. Spontaneous POS (risk and intensity), as well as POS caused by stimulation with an air blast and assess the response to horizontal and vertical percussion was assessed using two scales in the baseline and after 7, 14, and 30 days. In addition, some parameters were evaluated using FDI criteria up to 24 months of clinical service. Results: No significant POS was observed (p > 0.05). A higher absolute risk and intensity of spontaneous POS was observed within 7 days (35.1%), without statistically significant differences among groups. At 24 months 5 restorations were considered clinically unsatisfactory, and 73 restorations showed minor discrepancies in adaptation, with no significant differences between groups (p > 0.05). Significance: A GL agent does not influence POS in posterior restorations with bulk-fill resin composite. It may be considered a dispensable clinical step in the restorative protocol.