General resilience to cope with extreme events

Stephen R. Carpenter; Kenneth J. Arrow; Scott Barrett; Reinette Biggs; William A. Brock; Anne Sophie Crépin; Gustav Engström; Carl Folke; Terry P. Hughes; Nils Kautsky; Chuan Zhong Li; Geoffrey Mccarney; Kyle Meng; Karl Göran Mäler; Stephen Polasky; Marten Scheffer; Jason Shogren; Thomas Sterner; Jeffrey R. Vincent; Brian Walker; Anastasios Xepapadeas; Aart de Zeeuw

doi:10.3390/su4123248

General resilience to cope with extreme events

Stephen R. Carpenter, Kenneth J. Arrow, Scott Barrett, Reinette Biggs, William A. Brock, Anne Sophie Crépin, Gustav Engström, Carl Folke, Terry P. Hughes, Nils Kautsky, Chuan Zhong Li, Geoffrey Mccarney, Kyle Meng, Karl Göran Mäler, Stephen Polasky, Marten Scheffer, Jason Shogren, Thomas Sterner, Jeffrey R. Vincent, Brian WalkerAnastasios Xepapadeas, Aart de Zeeuw

Applied Economics

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

295 Scopus citations

Abstract

Resilience to specified kinds of disasters is an active area of research and practice. However, rare or unprecedented disturbances that are unusually intense or extensive require a more broad-spectrum type of resilience. General resilience is the capacity of social-ecological systems to adapt or transform in response to unfamiliar, unexpected and extreme shocks. Conditions that enable general resilience include diversity, modularity, openness, reserves, feedbacks, nestedness, monitoring, leadership, and trust. Processes for building general resilience are an emerging and crucially important area of research.

Original language	English (US)
Pages (from-to)	3248-3259
Number of pages	12
Journal	Sustainability
Volume	4
Issue number	12
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.3390/su4123248
State	Published - 2012

Keywords

Extreme events
General resilience
Polycentric governance
Resilience
Social-ecological system

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10.3390/su4123248

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Carpenter, S. R., Arrow, K. J., Barrett, S., Biggs, R., Brock, W. A., Crépin, A. S., Engström, G., Folke, C., Hughes, T. P., Kautsky, N., Li, C. Z., Mccarney, G., Meng, K., Mäler, K. G., Polasky, S., Scheffer, M., Shogren, J., Sterner, T., Vincent, J. R., ... de Zeeuw, A. (2012). General resilience to cope with extreme events. Sustainability, 4(12), 3248-3259. https://doi.org/10.3390/su4123248

Carpenter, SR, Arrow, KJ, Barrett, S, Biggs, R, Brock, WA, Crépin, AS, Engström, G, Folke, C, Hughes, TP, Kautsky, N, Li, CZ, Mccarney, G, Meng, K, Mäler, KG, Polasky, S, Scheffer, M, Shogren, J, Sterner, T, Vincent, JR, Walker, B, Xepapadeas, A & de Zeeuw, A 2012, 'General resilience to cope with extreme events', Sustainability, vol. 4, no. 12, pp. 3248-3259. https://doi.org/10.3390/su4123248

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AU - Folke, Carl

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AU - Li, Chuan Zhong

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AU - Scheffer, Marten

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General resilience to cope with extreme events

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