FTDL: A tailored FPGA-Overlay for deep learning with high scalability

Fast inference is of paramount value to a wide range of deep learning applications. This work presents FTDL, a highly-scalable FPGA overlay framework for deep learning applications, to address the architecture and hardware mismatch faced by traditional efforts. The FTDL overlay is specifically optimized for the tiled structure of FPGAs, thereby achieving post-place-and-route operating frequencies exceeding 88 % of the theoretical maximum across different devices and design scales. A flexible compilation framework efficiently schedules matrix multiply and convolution operations of large neural network inference on the overlay and achieved over 80 % hardware efficiency on average. Taking advantage of both high operating frequency and hardware efficiency, FTDL achieves 402.6 and 151.2 FPS with GoogLeNet and ResNet50 on ImageNet, respectively, while operating at a power efficiency of 27.6 GOPS/W, making it up to 7.7 × higher performance and 1.9× more power-efficient than the state-of-the-art.