Freeze tolerance in larvae of the winter-active Diamesa mendotae Muttkowski (Diptera: Chironomidae): A contrast to adult strategy for survival at low temperatures

R. W. Bouchard; M. A. Carrillo; S. A. Keils; Leonard C Ferrington

doi:10.1007/s10750-006-0200-6

Freeze tolerance in larvae of the winter-active Diamesa mendotae Muttkowski (Diptera: Chironomidae): A contrast to adult strategy for survival at low temperatures

R. W. Bouchard, M. A. Carrillo, S. A. Keils, Leonard C Ferrington

Entomology

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31 Scopus citations

Abstract

The winter-active Diamesa mendotae Muttkowski (Diptera: Chironomidae) is freeze intolerant in the adult stage with a low mean supercooling point (SCP) of ∼-20°C. However, cold-hardiness strategies for immatures of this species are unknown. In this study, we measured SCP values for D. mendotae larvae, pupae and adults using surface-contact thermometry. In addition, the lower lethal temperature (LLT) was determined for the larval stage. The mean SCPs for larvae (-7.4°C) and pupae (-9.1°C) were relatively high compared to adults (-19.7°C). Our results indicate that the larvae of D. mendotae are freeze tolerant with a LLT₉₉ (-25.4°C), ∼-10°C lower than their minimum SCP (-15.6°C). Freeze tolerance in these larvae may be a strategy to provide protection from short-term exposures to ice crystals or to permit diapause within frozen substrates. The change in cold-hardiness strategy from freeze tolerant to freeze intolerant between the larval and adult stages of this species is likely a result of the different habitats occupied by these two life stages.

Original language	English (US)
Pages (from-to)	403-416
Number of pages	14
Journal	Hydrobiologia
Volume	568
Issue number	1
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-006-0200-6
State	Published - Sep 2006

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
We would like to thank two anonymous reviewers for critical comments on an earlier version of this manuscript. This work was partially funded by a University of Minnesota Doctoral Dissertation Fellowship (R.W.B. Jr. and M.A.C.).

Keywords

Cold hardiness
Lotic
Lower lethal temperature
Supercooling point
Winter activity

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10.1007/s10750-006-0200-6

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title = "Freeze tolerance in larvae of the winter-active Diamesa mendotae Muttkowski (Diptera: Chironomidae): A contrast to adult strategy for survival at low temperatures",

abstract = "The winter-active Diamesa mendotae Muttkowski (Diptera: Chironomidae) is freeze intolerant in the adult stage with a low mean supercooling point (SCP) of ∼-20°C. However, cold-hardiness strategies for immatures of this species are unknown. In this study, we measured SCP values for D. mendotae larvae, pupae and adults using surface-contact thermometry. In addition, the lower lethal temperature (LLT) was determined for the larval stage. The mean SCPs for larvae (-7.4°C) and pupae (-9.1°C) were relatively high compared to adults (-19.7°C). Our results indicate that the larvae of D. mendotae are freeze tolerant with a LLT99 (-25.4°C), ∼-10°C lower than their minimum SCP (-15.6°C). Freeze tolerance in these larvae may be a strategy to provide protection from short-term exposures to ice crystals or to permit diapause within frozen substrates. The change in cold-hardiness strategy from freeze tolerant to freeze intolerant between the larval and adult stages of this species is likely a result of the different habitats occupied by these two life stages.",

keywords = "Cold hardiness, Lotic, Lower lethal temperature, Supercooling point, Winter activity",

author = "Bouchard, {R. W.} and Carrillo, {M. A.} and Keils, {S. A.} and Ferrington, {Leonard C}",

note = "Funding Information: We would like to thank two anonymous reviewers for critical comments on an earlier version of this manuscript. This work was partially funded by a University of Minnesota Doctoral Dissertation Fellowship (R.W.B. Jr. and M.A.C.).",

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AU - Carrillo, M. A.

AU - Keils, S. A.

AU - Ferrington, Leonard C

N1 - Funding Information: We would like to thank two anonymous reviewers for critical comments on an earlier version of this manuscript. This work was partially funded by a University of Minnesota Doctoral Dissertation Fellowship (R.W.B. Jr. and M.A.C.).

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N2 - The winter-active Diamesa mendotae Muttkowski (Diptera: Chironomidae) is freeze intolerant in the adult stage with a low mean supercooling point (SCP) of ∼-20°C. However, cold-hardiness strategies for immatures of this species are unknown. In this study, we measured SCP values for D. mendotae larvae, pupae and adults using surface-contact thermometry. In addition, the lower lethal temperature (LLT) was determined for the larval stage. The mean SCPs for larvae (-7.4°C) and pupae (-9.1°C) were relatively high compared to adults (-19.7°C). Our results indicate that the larvae of D. mendotae are freeze tolerant with a LLT99 (-25.4°C), ∼-10°C lower than their minimum SCP (-15.6°C). Freeze tolerance in these larvae may be a strategy to provide protection from short-term exposures to ice crystals or to permit diapause within frozen substrates. The change in cold-hardiness strategy from freeze tolerant to freeze intolerant between the larval and adult stages of this species is likely a result of the different habitats occupied by these two life stages.

AB - The winter-active Diamesa mendotae Muttkowski (Diptera: Chironomidae) is freeze intolerant in the adult stage with a low mean supercooling point (SCP) of ∼-20°C. However, cold-hardiness strategies for immatures of this species are unknown. In this study, we measured SCP values for D. mendotae larvae, pupae and adults using surface-contact thermometry. In addition, the lower lethal temperature (LLT) was determined for the larval stage. The mean SCPs for larvae (-7.4°C) and pupae (-9.1°C) were relatively high compared to adults (-19.7°C). Our results indicate that the larvae of D. mendotae are freeze tolerant with a LLT99 (-25.4°C), ∼-10°C lower than their minimum SCP (-15.6°C). Freeze tolerance in these larvae may be a strategy to provide protection from short-term exposures to ice crystals or to permit diapause within frozen substrates. The change in cold-hardiness strategy from freeze tolerant to freeze intolerant between the larval and adult stages of this species is likely a result of the different habitats occupied by these two life stages.

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KW - Lower lethal temperature

KW - Supercooling point

KW - Winter activity

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Freeze tolerance in larvae of the winter-active Diamesa mendotae Muttkowski (Diptera: Chironomidae): A contrast to adult strategy for survival at low temperatures

Abstract

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Keywords

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