First report of tomato leaf curl New Delhi virus on Opium Poppy (Papaver somniferum) in India

A. Srivastava, S. Kumar, M. Jaidi, S. K. Raj, S. K. Shukla

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

25 Scopus citations

Abstract

Opium poppy (Papaver somniferum L., family Papaveraceae) is grown for medicinally important alkaloids such as morphine, thebaine, codeine, papaverine, and noscapine. During a survey in 2012, severe curling of P. somniferum leaves was observed in breeding plots of CSIR-NBRI, Lucknow (26°55′ N; 80°59′ E), India. Whiteflies (Bemisia tabaci) were also noticed on the poppy plants. Based on typical begomovirus-like symptoms and the whitefly population, a begomovirus infection was suspected. To detect the begomovirus, total DNA was isolated from 10 symptomatic and one asymptomatic leaf samples of P. somniferum using a plant genomic DNA isolation kit (Sigma-Aldrich, USA) and subjected to PCR using begomovirus degenerate primers (Rojas et al. 1993), resulting in expected size amplification of ∼1.2 kb in all 10 samples, confirming the begomovirus infection. Further, the full-length genome was amplified by the rolling circle amplification method (RCA, TempliPhi kit, GE Healthcare, USA) and digested by XbaI, MspI, PstI, and ClaI restriction enzymes. Only XbaI digestion produced a ∼2.7-kb band which was cloned in XbaI site of pCAMBIA1300 vector and sequenced (GenBank Accession No. KC513822). Analysis of sequence data showed 96 to 98% identities and close phylogenetic relationships with the DNA-A genome of Tomato leaf curl new Delhi virus (ToLCNDV) isolates: bottle gourd (AB368447) and muskmelon (AB368448) reported from Thailand (Ito et al. 2008); and tomato (U15016; Padidam et al. 1995), chilli (HM007113), cucumber (KC545812), and Luffa (HM989845) reported from India. Based on high sequence identities and close relationships, the begomovirus isolated from P. somniferum was identified as an isolate of ToLCNDV infecting P. Sominiferum from Lucknow, India, and designated as ToLCNDV-[IN:LKO:PS:13]. In order to assess the level and prevalence of virus infection of P. somniferum, total DNA was extracted from 23 samples collected from P. somniferum plants showing leaf curl symptoms and tested for ToLCNDV by nucleic acid spot hybridization tests (NASH) using a α-32P radioactive labeled probe prepared from cloned ToLCNDV-AS1(KC513822). NASH resulted in positive signals from 19 out of 23 samples, indicating prevalence of ToLCNDV in 82.6% P. somniferum plants. Papaver spp. are described in the literature as natural hosts of Turnip mosaic virus, Bean yellow mosaic virus, Beet yellows virus, and Beet mosaic virus (Kubelkova and Spak 1999; Pethybridge et al. 2005). However, association of begomovirus with P. somniferum has not been hitherto reported; we report ToLCNDV infection of P. somniferum for the first time. The significance of the finding is the occurrence of tomato-infecting begomovirus (ToLCNDV) on 100% (10/10) of opium poppy plants tested, which may suggest a phytosanitary risk to other crop plants grown in the same season and vicinity.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)232
Number of pages1
JournalPlant disease
Volume100
Issue number1
DOIs
StatePublished - Jan 1 2016
Externally publishedYes

Bibliographical note

Publisher Copyright:
© 2016 The American Phytopathological Society.

Fingerprint

Dive into the research topics of 'First report of tomato leaf curl New Delhi virus on Opium Poppy (Papaver somniferum) in India'. Together they form a unique fingerprint.

Cite this