First genome report and analysis of chicken H7N9 influenza viruses with poly-basic amino acids insertion in the hemagglutinin cleavage site

Jidang Chen; Jipei Zhang; Wanjun Zhu; Yishan Zhang; Hualong Tan; Minfang Liu; Mingsheng Cai; Jiaren Shen; Hinh Ly; Jianhong Chen

doi:10.1038/s41598-017-10605-6

First genome report and analysis of chicken H7N9 influenza viruses with poly-basic amino acids insertion in the hemagglutinin cleavage site

Jidang Chen, Jipei Zhang, Wanjun Zhu, Yishan Zhang, Hualong Tan, Minfang Liu, Mingsheng Cai, Jiaren Shen, Hinh Ly, Jianhong Chen

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Abstract

We report the full-length sequence of two chicken source influenza A (H7N9) viruses found in Guangdong live poultry market (LPM) during the most recent wave of human infections (from October 2016 to the present time). These viruses carry insertion of poly-basic amino acids (KGKRTAR/G) at the protease cleavage site of the HA protein, which were previously found in the highly pathogenic (HP) human influenza A (H7N9) [IAV(H7N9)] strains. Phylogenetic analysis of these two novel avian influenza viruses (AIVs) suggested that their genomes reassorted between the Yangtze River Delta (YRD) and Pearl River Delta (PRD) clades. Molecular clock analysis indicated that they emerged several months before the HP human strains. Collectively, our results suggest that IAV(H7N9) viruses evolve in chickens through antigenic drift to include a signature HP sequence in the HA gene, which highlights challenges in risk assessment and public health management of IAV(H7N9) infections at the human-animal interface.

Original language	English (US)
Article number	9972
Journal	Scientific reports
Volume	7
Issue number	1
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-10605-6
State	Published - Dec 1 2017

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
We acknowledge those who contributed to the generation of the genome sequences of influenza A (H7N9) viruses in GISAID, for which this research is based (Table S3). This study was supported in parts by the High-Level Talent Start-Up Research Project of the Foshan University (Gg040967); Educational Department of Guangdong Province, China (2014KZDXM062); Scientific and Technological Innovation Program of Foshan (2014AG10022); Agriculture Department of Guangdong Province, China ([2014]NO.1046); National Natural Science Foundation of China (31400150) and Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province, China (2015A030313473, 611083989110).

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© 2017 The Author(s).

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title = "First genome report and analysis of chicken H7N9 influenza viruses with poly-basic amino acids insertion in the hemagglutinin cleavage site",

abstract = "We report the full-length sequence of two chicken source influenza A (H7N9) viruses found in Guangdong live poultry market (LPM) during the most recent wave of human infections (from October 2016 to the present time). These viruses carry insertion of poly-basic amino acids (KGKRTAR/G) at the protease cleavage site of the HA protein, which were previously found in the highly pathogenic (HP) human influenza A (H7N9) [IAV(H7N9)] strains. Phylogenetic analysis of these two novel avian influenza viruses (AIVs) suggested that their genomes reassorted between the Yangtze River Delta (YRD) and Pearl River Delta (PRD) clades. Molecular clock analysis indicated that they emerged several months before the HP human strains. Collectively, our results suggest that IAV(H7N9) viruses evolve in chickens through antigenic drift to include a signature HP sequence in the HA gene, which highlights challenges in risk assessment and public health management of IAV(H7N9) infections at the human-animal interface.",

author = "Jidang Chen and Jipei Zhang and Wanjun Zhu and Yishan Zhang and Hualong Tan and Minfang Liu and Mingsheng Cai and Jiaren Shen and Hinh Ly and Jianhong Chen",

note = "Funding Information: We acknowledge those who contributed to the generation of the genome sequences of influenza A (H7N9) viruses in GISAID, for which this research is based (Table S3). This study was supported in parts by the High-Level Talent Start-Up Research Project of the Foshan University (Gg040967); Educational Department of Guangdong Province, China (2014KZDXM062); Scientific and Technological Innovation Program of Foshan (2014AG10022); Agriculture Department of Guangdong Province, China ([2014]NO.1046); National Natural Science Foundation of China (31400150) and Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province, China (2015A030313473, 611083989110). Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2017 The Author(s).",

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AU - Tan, Hualong

AU - Liu, Minfang

AU - Cai, Mingsheng

AU - Shen, Jiaren

AU - Ly, Hinh

AU - Chen, Jianhong

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N2 - We report the full-length sequence of two chicken source influenza A (H7N9) viruses found in Guangdong live poultry market (LPM) during the most recent wave of human infections (from October 2016 to the present time). These viruses carry insertion of poly-basic amino acids (KGKRTAR/G) at the protease cleavage site of the HA protein, which were previously found in the highly pathogenic (HP) human influenza A (H7N9) [IAV(H7N9)] strains. Phylogenetic analysis of these two novel avian influenza viruses (AIVs) suggested that their genomes reassorted between the Yangtze River Delta (YRD) and Pearl River Delta (PRD) clades. Molecular clock analysis indicated that they emerged several months before the HP human strains. Collectively, our results suggest that IAV(H7N9) viruses evolve in chickens through antigenic drift to include a signature HP sequence in the HA gene, which highlights challenges in risk assessment and public health management of IAV(H7N9) infections at the human-animal interface.

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First genome report and analysis of chicken H7N9 influenza viruses with poly-basic amino acids insertion in the hemagglutinin cleavage site

Abstract

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