Field resistance to wheat stem rust in durum wheat accessions deposited at the USDA National Small Grains Collection

Pablo D. Olivera, Worku D. Bulbula, Ayele Badebo, Harold E. Bockelman, Erena A. Edae, Yue Jin

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

10 Scopus citations

Abstract

Wheat stem rust, caused by Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici, is a re-emerging disease, posing a significant threat to durum wheat production worldwide. The limited number of stem rust resistance genes in modern cultivars compels us to identify and incorporate new effective genes in durum wheat breeding programs. We evaluated 8,245 spring durum wheat accessions deposited at the USDA National Small Grains Collection (NSGC) for resistance in field stem rust nurseries in Debre Zeit, Ethiopia and St. Paul, MN (USA). A higher level of disease development was observed at the Debre Zeit nursery compared with St. Paul, and the effective alleles of Sr13 in this nursery did not display the level of resistance observed at the St. Paul nursery. Four hundred and ninety-one (∽6%) accessions exhibited resistant to moderately susceptible responses after three field evaluations at Debre Zeit and two at St. Paul. Nearly 70% of these accessions originated from Ethiopia, Mexico, Egypt, and USA. Eight additional countries, namely Portugal, Turkey, Italy, Canada, Chile, Australia, Syria, and Tunisia contributed to 19% of the resistant to moderately susceptible entries. Among the 491 resistant to moderately susceptible accessions, 53.8% (n = 265) were landraces, and 28.4% (n = 139) and 11.4% (n = 55) were breeding lines and cultivars, respectively. Breeding lines and cultivars displayed a higher level and frequency of resistance than the landraces. We concluded that a large number of durum wheat accessions from diverse origins deposited at the NSGC can be exploited for diversifying and improving stem rust resistance in wheat.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)2565-2578
Number of pages14
JournalCrop Science
Volume61
Issue number4
DOIs
StatePublished - Aug 21 2021

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
This research was funded by USDA‐ARS, and the Durable Rust Resistance in Wheat (DRRW‐OPPGD1389) and Delivering Genetic Gain in Wheat (DGGW‐OPP1133199) projects administrated by Cornell University and funded by the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation and the United Kingdom Department for International Development. The authors acknowledge Samuel Gale, Melissa Prenevost, GebreHiwot Abraha, and Ashenafi Gemechu for their technical assistance.

Funding Information:
This research was funded by USDA-ARS, and the Durable Rust Resistance in Wheat (DRRW-OPPGD1389) and Delivering Genetic Gain in Wheat (DGGW-OPP1133199) projects administrated by Cornell University and funded by the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation and the United Kingdom Department for International Development. The authors acknowledge Samuel Gale, Melissa Prenevost, GebreHiwot Abraha, and Ashenafi Gemechu for their technical assistance.

Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 The Authors. Crop Science published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of Crop Science Society of America

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