Fast gradient elution reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography with diode-array detection as a high-throughput screening method for drugs of abuse. I. Chromatographic conditions

Dwight R. Stoll, Changyub Paek, Peter W. Carr

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

30 Scopus citations

Abstract

A new approach for the high-throughput screening of biological samples to detect the presence of regulated intoxicants has been developed by modifying a conventional gradient elution high-performance liquid chromatograph (HPLC). The goal of this work was to improve the speed of gradient elution screening methods over current approaches by optimizing the operational parameters of both the column and the instrument without compromising the reproducibility of the retention times, which is the basis for the identification of intoxicant compounds. Most importantly, the novel instrument configuration substantially reduces the time needed to re-equilibrate the column between consecutive gradient runs, thereby reducing the total time for each analysis. The total analysis time for each gradient elution run is only 2.80 min, including 0.30 min for column re-equilibration between analyses. Retention times of standard calibration solutes are reproducible to better than 0.002 min in consecutive runs. A corrected retention index was adopted to account for day-to-day and column-to-column variations in retention time. For a set of forty-seven target compounds, the discriminating power and mean list length were found to be 0.95 and 3.26, respectively. In comparison to previous work with similar numbers of target compounds, the current approach provides an order of magnitude improvement in analysis time, and a four-fold decrease in mean list length.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)153-162
Number of pages10
JournalJournal of Chromatography A
Volume1137
Issue number2
DOIs
StatePublished - Dec 29 2006

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
This work was funded by the National Institute of Justice, through the Midwest Forensics Resource Center at Ames Laboratory under interagency agreement number 2002-LP-R-083. The Ames Laboratory is operated for the US Department of Energy by Iowa State University, under contract No. W-7405-Eng-82. We also acknowledge Agilent Technologies, Waters Corporation, ZirChrom Separations, and Systec for the donations of the Zorbax SB-C18 silica, Xterra MS-C8 column, carbon-coated zirconia, and column heating equipment, respectively. Glenn Hardin of the Minnesota Bureau of Criminal Apprehension is acknowledged for many helpful discussions.

Keywords

  • Drug screening
  • Drugs of abuse
  • Forensics
  • Gradient elution HPLC
  • High-throughput
  • Toxicology

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