Exploring the role of parental proximity in the maternal–neonate bond and parental investment in moose (Alces alces) through postcapture movement dynamics

Glenn D. DelGiudice; Mohsen Ahmadkhani; Véronique St-Louis; William J. Severud; Tyler R. Obermoller

doi:10.1002/ece3.7680

Exploring the role of parental proximity in the maternal–neonate bond and parental investment in moose (Alces alces) through postcapture movement dynamics

Glenn D. DelGiudice, Mohsen Ahmadkhani, Véronique St-Louis, William J. Severud, Tyler R. Obermoller

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

1 Scopus citations

Abstract

Disturbance can induce some dams to abandon their neonates, whereas others continue parental investment. Understanding the variability of the dam–neonate bond and parental investment of large, mobile species, reclusive during calving, such as moose (Alces alces), can be challenging. Advances in global positioning system (GPS) collar technology and analytical approaches allowed us to better understand the role that dam–neonate proximity plays in maintaining the maternal–neonate bond and maternal investment. In 2013 and 2014, we used movement behavior of 50 free-ranging GPS-collared dams and their 74 GPS-collared neonates during 96 hr postcapture/release of neonates to examine home range (HR) sizes, overlap of their HRs, reunions (≤26 m), and dynamic interactions of their movements. Mean area of 95% kernel density estimator (KDE) HRs of neonates (23.5 ha) not abandoned by their dams was more than 2 times that of abandoned neonates (10.4 ha). Mean HR area of dams continuing to invest in their neonates (104 ha) was smaller than that (897 ha) of abandoning dams. Mean overlap of core (50% KDE) and 95% KDE HRs of dam–neonate pairs when investment continued was 38.7% and 42%, whereas corresponding overlap of HRs associated with abandonment was 0.1% and 2.7%. Mean proportion of pairwise hourly location-fixes indicative of reunions of dams investing in their neonates was 0.37 and occurred at a mean interval of 2.7 hr. A stronger (p ≤.05) interaction of mean hourly distances moved (di_d) between dams investing in their neonates was associated with closer proximity compared with dams abandoning neonates. Our collective data indicate that the spatial proximity of dams investing in their neonates, and their stronger bond, nurtured neonate vitality in a way that reinforced continued investment. In contrast, the abandoning behavior of more distant dams had a diminishing influence on viability of their neonates via nutritional deprivation and limited reciprocal stimulation.

Original language	English (US)
Pages (from-to)	8699-8712
Number of pages	14
Journal	Ecology and Evolution
Volume	11
Issue number	13
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.7680
State	Published - May 24 2021

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
We thank the many individuals that assisted in so many ways to facilitate this more thorough examination of maternal–neonate bond, parental investment, and rejection of moose neonates, including K. J. Foshay, T. A. Enright, L. M. Ross, M. J. Haas, A. Wuenschmann, A. G. Armien, J. H. Giudice, B. R. Patterson, M. Carstensen, E. C. Hildebrand, M. H. Dexter, R. A. Moen, A. M. McGraw, R. G. Wright, J. D. Forester, M. W. Schrage, M. A. Larson, L. Cornicelli, J. M. Rasmussen, T. J. Kreeger, J. A. Crouse, and J. H. Weickert. Technical and other support was provided by Vectronic Aerospace, the University of Minnesota's Departments of Fisheries, Wildlife, and Conservation Biology and Geography, Environment, and Society. This study was funded by the MNDNR Section of Wildlife and Wildlife Populations and Research Unit, Minnesota Environmental and Natural Resources Trust Fund (ENRTF), Wildlife Restoration (Pittman‐Robertson) Program, and the National Science Foundation, with supplemental funding from the Minnesota Deer Hunters Association.

Funding Information:
We thank the many individuals that assisted in so many ways to facilitate this more thorough examination of maternal?neonate bond, parental investment, and rejection of moose neonates, including K. J. Foshay, T. A. Enright, L. M. Ross, M. J. Haas, A. Wuenschmann, A. G. Armien, J. H. Giudice, B. R. Patterson, M. Carstensen, E. C. Hildebrand, M. H. Dexter, R. A. Moen, A. M. McGraw, R. G. Wright, J. D. Forester, M. W. Schrage, M. A. Larson, L. Cornicelli, J. M. Rasmussen, T. J. Kreeger, J. A. Crouse, and J. H. Weickert. Technical and other support was provided by Vectronic Aerospace, the University of Minnesota's Departments of Fisheries, Wildlife, and Conservation Biology and Geography, Environment, and Society. This study was funded by the MNDNR Section of Wildlife and Wildlife Populations and Research Unit, Minnesota Environmental and Natural Resources Trust Fund (ENRTF), Wildlife Restoration (Pittman-Robertson) Program, and the National Science Foundation, with supplemental funding from the Minnesota Deer Hunters Association.

Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 The Authors. Ecology and Evolution published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

Keywords

abandonment
Alces alces
maternal–neonate bond
moose
neonates
parental investment

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10.1002/ece3.7680

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title = "Exploring the role of parental proximity in the maternal–neonate bond and parental investment in moose (Alces alces) through postcapture movement dynamics",

abstract = "Disturbance can induce some dams to abandon their neonates, whereas others continue parental investment. Understanding the variability of the dam–neonate bond and parental investment of large, mobile species, reclusive during calving, such as moose (Alces alces), can be challenging. Advances in global positioning system (GPS) collar technology and analytical approaches allowed us to better understand the role that dam–neonate proximity plays in maintaining the maternal–neonate bond and maternal investment. In 2013 and 2014, we used movement behavior of 50 free-ranging GPS-collared dams and their 74 GPS-collared neonates during 96 hr postcapture/release of neonates to examine home range (HR) sizes, overlap of their HRs, reunions (≤26 m), and dynamic interactions of their movements. Mean area of 95% kernel density estimator (KDE) HRs of neonates (23.5 ha) not abandoned by their dams was more than 2 times that of abandoned neonates (10.4 ha). Mean HR area of dams continuing to invest in their neonates (104 ha) was smaller than that (897 ha) of abandoning dams. Mean overlap of core (50% KDE) and 95% KDE HRs of dam–neonate pairs when investment continued was 38.7% and 42%, whereas corresponding overlap of HRs associated with abandonment was 0.1% and 2.7%. Mean proportion of pairwise hourly location-fixes indicative of reunions of dams investing in their neonates was 0.37 and occurred at a mean interval of 2.7 hr. A stronger (p ≤.05) interaction of mean hourly distances moved (did) between dams investing in their neonates was associated with closer proximity compared with dams abandoning neonates. Our collective data indicate that the spatial proximity of dams investing in their neonates, and their stronger bond, nurtured neonate vitality in a way that reinforced continued investment. In contrast, the abandoning behavior of more distant dams had a diminishing influence on viability of their neonates via nutritional deprivation and limited reciprocal stimulation.",

keywords = "abandonment, Alces alces, maternal–neonate bond, moose, neonates, parental investment",

author = "DelGiudice, {Glenn D.} and Mohsen Ahmadkhani and V{\'e}ronique St-Louis and Severud, {William J.} and Obermoller, {Tyler R.}",

note = "Funding Information: We thank the many individuals that assisted in so many ways to facilitate this more thorough examination of maternal–neonate bond, parental investment, and rejection of moose neonates, including K. J. Foshay, T. A. Enright, L. M. Ross, M. J. Haas, A. Wuenschmann, A. G. Armien, J. H. Giudice, B. R. Patterson, M. Carstensen, E. C. Hildebrand, M. H. Dexter, R. A. Moen, A. M. McGraw, R. G. Wright, J. D. Forester, M. W. Schrage, M. A. Larson, L. Cornicelli, J. M. Rasmussen, T. J. Kreeger, J. A. Crouse, and J. H. Weickert. Technical and other support was provided by Vectronic Aerospace, the University of Minnesota's Departments of Fisheries, Wildlife, and Conservation Biology and Geography, Environment, and Society. This study was funded by the MNDNR Section of Wildlife and Wildlife Populations and Research Unit, Minnesota Environmental and Natural Resources Trust Fund (ENRTF), Wildlife Restoration (Pittman‐Robertson) Program, and the National Science Foundation, with supplemental funding from the Minnesota Deer Hunters Association. Funding Information: We thank the many individuals that assisted in so many ways to facilitate this more thorough examination of maternal?neonate bond, parental investment, and rejection of moose neonates, including K. J. Foshay, T. A. Enright, L. M. Ross, M. J. Haas, A. Wuenschmann, A. G. Armien, J. H. Giudice, B. R. Patterson, M. Carstensen, E. C. Hildebrand, M. H. Dexter, R. A. Moen, A. M. McGraw, R. G. Wright, J. D. Forester, M. W. Schrage, M. A. Larson, L. Cornicelli, J. M. Rasmussen, T. J. Kreeger, J. A. Crouse, and J. H. Weickert. Technical and other support was provided by Vectronic Aerospace, the University of Minnesota's Departments of Fisheries, Wildlife, and Conservation Biology and Geography, Environment, and Society. This study was funded by the MNDNR Section of Wildlife and Wildlife Populations and Research Unit, Minnesota Environmental and Natural Resources Trust Fund (ENRTF), Wildlife Restoration (Pittman-Robertson) Program, and the National Science Foundation, with supplemental funding from the Minnesota Deer Hunters Association. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2021 The Authors. Ecology and Evolution published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.",

year = "2021",

month = may,

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doi = "10.1002/ece3.7680",

language = "English (US)",

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T1 - Exploring the role of parental proximity in the maternal–neonate bond and parental investment in moose (Alces alces) through postcapture movement dynamics

AU - DelGiudice, Glenn D.

AU - Ahmadkhani, Mohsen

AU - St-Louis, Véronique

AU - Severud, William J.

AU - Obermoller, Tyler R.

N1 - Funding Information: We thank the many individuals that assisted in so many ways to facilitate this more thorough examination of maternal–neonate bond, parental investment, and rejection of moose neonates, including K. J. Foshay, T. A. Enright, L. M. Ross, M. J. Haas, A. Wuenschmann, A. G. Armien, J. H. Giudice, B. R. Patterson, M. Carstensen, E. C. Hildebrand, M. H. Dexter, R. A. Moen, A. M. McGraw, R. G. Wright, J. D. Forester, M. W. Schrage, M. A. Larson, L. Cornicelli, J. M. Rasmussen, T. J. Kreeger, J. A. Crouse, and J. H. Weickert. Technical and other support was provided by Vectronic Aerospace, the University of Minnesota's Departments of Fisheries, Wildlife, and Conservation Biology and Geography, Environment, and Society. This study was funded by the MNDNR Section of Wildlife and Wildlife Populations and Research Unit, Minnesota Environmental and Natural Resources Trust Fund (ENRTF), Wildlife Restoration (Pittman‐Robertson) Program, and the National Science Foundation, with supplemental funding from the Minnesota Deer Hunters Association. Funding Information: We thank the many individuals that assisted in so many ways to facilitate this more thorough examination of maternal?neonate bond, parental investment, and rejection of moose neonates, including K. J. Foshay, T. A. Enright, L. M. Ross, M. J. Haas, A. Wuenschmann, A. G. Armien, J. H. Giudice, B. R. Patterson, M. Carstensen, E. C. Hildebrand, M. H. Dexter, R. A. Moen, A. M. McGraw, R. G. Wright, J. D. Forester, M. W. Schrage, M. A. Larson, L. Cornicelli, J. M. Rasmussen, T. J. Kreeger, J. A. Crouse, and J. H. Weickert. Technical and other support was provided by Vectronic Aerospace, the University of Minnesota's Departments of Fisheries, Wildlife, and Conservation Biology and Geography, Environment, and Society. This study was funded by the MNDNR Section of Wildlife and Wildlife Populations and Research Unit, Minnesota Environmental and Natural Resources Trust Fund (ENRTF), Wildlife Restoration (Pittman-Robertson) Program, and the National Science Foundation, with supplemental funding from the Minnesota Deer Hunters Association. Publisher Copyright: © 2021 The Authors. Ecology and Evolution published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

PY - 2021/5/24

Y1 - 2021/5/24

N2 - Disturbance can induce some dams to abandon their neonates, whereas others continue parental investment. Understanding the variability of the dam–neonate bond and parental investment of large, mobile species, reclusive during calving, such as moose (Alces alces), can be challenging. Advances in global positioning system (GPS) collar technology and analytical approaches allowed us to better understand the role that dam–neonate proximity plays in maintaining the maternal–neonate bond and maternal investment. In 2013 and 2014, we used movement behavior of 50 free-ranging GPS-collared dams and their 74 GPS-collared neonates during 96 hr postcapture/release of neonates to examine home range (HR) sizes, overlap of their HRs, reunions (≤26 m), and dynamic interactions of their movements. Mean area of 95% kernel density estimator (KDE) HRs of neonates (23.5 ha) not abandoned by their dams was more than 2 times that of abandoned neonates (10.4 ha). Mean HR area of dams continuing to invest in their neonates (104 ha) was smaller than that (897 ha) of abandoning dams. Mean overlap of core (50% KDE) and 95% KDE HRs of dam–neonate pairs when investment continued was 38.7% and 42%, whereas corresponding overlap of HRs associated with abandonment was 0.1% and 2.7%. Mean proportion of pairwise hourly location-fixes indicative of reunions of dams investing in their neonates was 0.37 and occurred at a mean interval of 2.7 hr. A stronger (p ≤.05) interaction of mean hourly distances moved (did) between dams investing in their neonates was associated with closer proximity compared with dams abandoning neonates. Our collective data indicate that the spatial proximity of dams investing in their neonates, and their stronger bond, nurtured neonate vitality in a way that reinforced continued investment. In contrast, the abandoning behavior of more distant dams had a diminishing influence on viability of their neonates via nutritional deprivation and limited reciprocal stimulation.

AB - Disturbance can induce some dams to abandon their neonates, whereas others continue parental investment. Understanding the variability of the dam–neonate bond and parental investment of large, mobile species, reclusive during calving, such as moose (Alces alces), can be challenging. Advances in global positioning system (GPS) collar technology and analytical approaches allowed us to better understand the role that dam–neonate proximity plays in maintaining the maternal–neonate bond and maternal investment. In 2013 and 2014, we used movement behavior of 50 free-ranging GPS-collared dams and their 74 GPS-collared neonates during 96 hr postcapture/release of neonates to examine home range (HR) sizes, overlap of their HRs, reunions (≤26 m), and dynamic interactions of their movements. Mean area of 95% kernel density estimator (KDE) HRs of neonates (23.5 ha) not abandoned by their dams was more than 2 times that of abandoned neonates (10.4 ha). Mean HR area of dams continuing to invest in their neonates (104 ha) was smaller than that (897 ha) of abandoning dams. Mean overlap of core (50% KDE) and 95% KDE HRs of dam–neonate pairs when investment continued was 38.7% and 42%, whereas corresponding overlap of HRs associated with abandonment was 0.1% and 2.7%. Mean proportion of pairwise hourly location-fixes indicative of reunions of dams investing in their neonates was 0.37 and occurred at a mean interval of 2.7 hr. A stronger (p ≤.05) interaction of mean hourly distances moved (did) between dams investing in their neonates was associated with closer proximity compared with dams abandoning neonates. Our collective data indicate that the spatial proximity of dams investing in their neonates, and their stronger bond, nurtured neonate vitality in a way that reinforced continued investment. In contrast, the abandoning behavior of more distant dams had a diminishing influence on viability of their neonates via nutritional deprivation and limited reciprocal stimulation.

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Exploring the role of parental proximity in the maternal–neonate bond and parental investment in moose (Alces alces) through postcapture movement dynamics

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