Abstract
Background - Hemodynamic reactions to mental stress may contribute to atherosclerosis. We previously observed cross-sectional relationships between blood pressure reactions to a standardized stress battery and carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) in the Kuopio Ischemic Heart Disease (KIHD) study. These are the first prospective results on this relationship. Methods and Results - Men from 4 age cohorts (42 to 60 years old at study onset) were challenged with a standardized mental stress battery, and heart rate and blood pressure reactions were assessed. Ultrasound measures of common carotid IMT were collected at this time and 7 years later as noninvasive markers of atherosclerosis. Data were collected from a sample of 756 men at both times. Systolic blood pressure reactions to mental stress at study onset were positively related to mean carotid IMT 7 years later (β=0.035, P=0.001, by blood pressure quartile, IMT=0.91, 0.93, 0.96, 1.00 mm) and to the progression of IMT (β=0.020, P=0.006, by blood pressure quartile, ΔIMT=0.08, 0.09, 0.11, 0.11 mm). Similar significant relations were shown for maximal IMT and plaque height. Diastolic blood pressure responses were less strongly related to carotid IMT than were systolic responses. Heart-rate responses were unrelated. Adjustment for standard risk factors did not substantially reduce the relation between systolic blood pressure reactivity and the progression of mean carotid IMT (standardized β=0.059, P=0.026), maximal carotid IMT (standardized β=0.084, P=0.006), or plaque height (standardized β=0.093, P=0.008). Conclusions - The degree of systolic blood pressure reactivity to mental challenge is prospectively related to carotid IMT in middle-aged and older men, independent of known risk factors.
| Original language | English (US) |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 2198-2203 |
| Number of pages | 6 |
| Journal | Circulation |
| Volume | 110 |
| Issue number | 15 |
| DOIs | |
| State | Published - Oct 12 2004 |
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Keywords
- Atherosclerosis
- Cardiovascular diseases
- Carotid arteries
- Risk factors
- Stress
Cite this
Exaggerated blood pressure responses during mental stress are prospectively related to enhanced carotid atherosclerosis in middle-aged Finnish men. / Jennings, J. Richard; Kamarck, Thomas W.; Everson-Rose, Susan A.; Kaplan, George A.; Manuck, Stephen B.; Salonen, J. T.
In: Circulation, Vol. 110, No. 15, 12.10.2004, p. 2198-2203.Research output: Contribution to journal › Article
}
TY - JOUR
T1 - Exaggerated blood pressure responses during mental stress are prospectively related to enhanced carotid atherosclerosis in middle-aged Finnish men
AU - Jennings, J. Richard
AU - Kamarck, Thomas W.
AU - Everson-Rose, Susan A.
AU - Kaplan, George A.
AU - Manuck, Stephen B.
AU - Salonen, J. T.
PY - 2004/10/12
Y1 - 2004/10/12
N2 - Background - Hemodynamic reactions to mental stress may contribute to atherosclerosis. We previously observed cross-sectional relationships between blood pressure reactions to a standardized stress battery and carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) in the Kuopio Ischemic Heart Disease (KIHD) study. These are the first prospective results on this relationship. Methods and Results - Men from 4 age cohorts (42 to 60 years old at study onset) were challenged with a standardized mental stress battery, and heart rate and blood pressure reactions were assessed. Ultrasound measures of common carotid IMT were collected at this time and 7 years later as noninvasive markers of atherosclerosis. Data were collected from a sample of 756 men at both times. Systolic blood pressure reactions to mental stress at study onset were positively related to mean carotid IMT 7 years later (β=0.035, P=0.001, by blood pressure quartile, IMT=0.91, 0.93, 0.96, 1.00 mm) and to the progression of IMT (β=0.020, P=0.006, by blood pressure quartile, ΔIMT=0.08, 0.09, 0.11, 0.11 mm). Similar significant relations were shown for maximal IMT and plaque height. Diastolic blood pressure responses were less strongly related to carotid IMT than were systolic responses. Heart-rate responses were unrelated. Adjustment for standard risk factors did not substantially reduce the relation between systolic blood pressure reactivity and the progression of mean carotid IMT (standardized β=0.059, P=0.026), maximal carotid IMT (standardized β=0.084, P=0.006), or plaque height (standardized β=0.093, P=0.008). Conclusions - The degree of systolic blood pressure reactivity to mental challenge is prospectively related to carotid IMT in middle-aged and older men, independent of known risk factors.
AB - Background - Hemodynamic reactions to mental stress may contribute to atherosclerosis. We previously observed cross-sectional relationships between blood pressure reactions to a standardized stress battery and carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) in the Kuopio Ischemic Heart Disease (KIHD) study. These are the first prospective results on this relationship. Methods and Results - Men from 4 age cohorts (42 to 60 years old at study onset) were challenged with a standardized mental stress battery, and heart rate and blood pressure reactions were assessed. Ultrasound measures of common carotid IMT were collected at this time and 7 years later as noninvasive markers of atherosclerosis. Data were collected from a sample of 756 men at both times. Systolic blood pressure reactions to mental stress at study onset were positively related to mean carotid IMT 7 years later (β=0.035, P=0.001, by blood pressure quartile, IMT=0.91, 0.93, 0.96, 1.00 mm) and to the progression of IMT (β=0.020, P=0.006, by blood pressure quartile, ΔIMT=0.08, 0.09, 0.11, 0.11 mm). Similar significant relations were shown for maximal IMT and plaque height. Diastolic blood pressure responses were less strongly related to carotid IMT than were systolic responses. Heart-rate responses were unrelated. Adjustment for standard risk factors did not substantially reduce the relation between systolic blood pressure reactivity and the progression of mean carotid IMT (standardized β=0.059, P=0.026), maximal carotid IMT (standardized β=0.084, P=0.006), or plaque height (standardized β=0.093, P=0.008). Conclusions - The degree of systolic blood pressure reactivity to mental challenge is prospectively related to carotid IMT in middle-aged and older men, independent of known risk factors.
KW - Atherosclerosis
KW - Cardiovascular diseases
KW - Carotid arteries
KW - Risk factors
KW - Stress
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=5644242971&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=5644242971&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1161/01.CIR.0000143840.77061.E9
DO - 10.1161/01.CIR.0000143840.77061.E9
M3 - Article
VL - 110
SP - 2198
EP - 2203
JO - Circulation
JF - Circulation
SN - 0009-7322
IS - 15
ER -