Enzymes as Parts in Need of Replacement – and How to Extend Their Working Life

Nathan D. Tivendale; Andrew D. Hanson; Christopher S. Henry; Adrian D. Hegeman; A. Harvey Millar

doi:10.1016/j.tplants.2020.02.006

Enzymes as Parts in Need of Replacement – and How to Extend Their Working Life

Nathan D. Tivendale, Andrew D. Hanson, Christopher S. Henry, Adrian D. Hegeman, A. Harvey Millar

Horticultural Science

Research output: Contribution to journal › Review article › peer-review

12 Scopus citations

Abstract

Enzymes catalyze reactions in vivo at different rates and each enzyme molecule has a lifetime limit before it is degraded and replaced to enable catalysis to continue. Considering these rates together as a unitless ratio of catalytic cycles until replacement (CCR) provides a new quantitative tool to assess the replacement schedule of and energy investment into enzymes as they relate to function. Here, we outline the challenges of determining CCRs and new approaches to overcome them and then assess the CCRs of selected enzymes in bacteria and plants to reveal a range of seven orders of magnitude for this ratio. Modifying CCRs in plants holds promise to lower cellular costs, to tailor enzymes for particular environments, and to breed enzyme improvements for crop productivity.

Original language	English (US)
Pages (from-to)	661-669
Number of pages	9
Journal	Trends in Plant Science
Volume	25
Issue number	7
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tplants.2020.02.006
State	Published - Jul 2020

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
N.D.T. and A.H.M. were supported by the Australian Research Council ( CE140100008 ; DP180104136 ). A.D. Hanson and C.S.H. gratefully acknowledge support from US National Science Foundation grant IOS-1444202 . C.S.H. also acknowledges support from the US Department of Energy , Office of Biological and Environmental Research under contract DE-AC02-06CH11357 . A.D. Hegeman gratefully acknowledges support from US National Science Foundation grant IOS-1238812 .

Funding Information:
N.D.T. and A.H.M. were supported by the Australian Research Council (CE140100008; DP180104136). A.D. Hanson and C.S.H. gratefully acknowledge support from US National Science Foundation grant IOS-1444202. C.S.H. also acknowledges support from the US Department of Energy, Office of Biological and Environmental Research under contract DE-AC02-06CH11357. A.D. Hegeman gratefully acknowledges support from US National Science Foundation grant IOS-1238812.

Publisher Copyright:
© 2020 Elsevier Ltd

Keywords

catalytic rate
metabolic flux
protein turnover
stable isotope labeling
synthetic biology

PubMed: MeSH publication types

Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
Review

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10.1016/j.tplants.2020.02.006

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abstract = "Enzymes catalyze reactions in vivo at different rates and each enzyme molecule has a lifetime limit before it is degraded and replaced to enable catalysis to continue. Considering these rates together as a unitless ratio of catalytic cycles until replacement (CCR) provides a new quantitative tool to assess the replacement schedule of and energy investment into enzymes as they relate to function. Here, we outline the challenges of determining CCRs and new approaches to overcome them and then assess the CCRs of selected enzymes in bacteria and plants to reveal a range of seven orders of magnitude for this ratio. Modifying CCRs in plants holds promise to lower cellular costs, to tailor enzymes for particular environments, and to breed enzyme improvements for crop productivity.",

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note = "Funding Information: N.D.T. and A.H.M. were supported by the Australian Research Council ( CE140100008 ; DP180104136 ). A.D. Hanson and C.S.H. gratefully acknowledge support from US National Science Foundation grant IOS-1444202 . C.S.H. also acknowledges support from the US Department of Energy , Office of Biological and Environmental Research under contract DE-AC02-06CH11357 . A.D. Hegeman gratefully acknowledges support from US National Science Foundation grant IOS-1238812 . Funding Information: N.D.T. and A.H.M. were supported by the Australian Research Council (CE140100008; DP180104136). A.D. Hanson and C.S.H. gratefully acknowledge support from US National Science Foundation grant IOS-1444202. C.S.H. also acknowledges support from the US Department of Energy, Office of Biological and Environmental Research under contract DE-AC02-06CH11357. A.D. Hegeman gratefully acknowledges support from US National Science Foundation grant IOS-1238812. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2020 Elsevier Ltd",

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AB - Enzymes catalyze reactions in vivo at different rates and each enzyme molecule has a lifetime limit before it is degraded and replaced to enable catalysis to continue. Considering these rates together as a unitless ratio of catalytic cycles until replacement (CCR) provides a new quantitative tool to assess the replacement schedule of and energy investment into enzymes as they relate to function. Here, we outline the challenges of determining CCRs and new approaches to overcome them and then assess the CCRs of selected enzymes in bacteria and plants to reveal a range of seven orders of magnitude for this ratio. Modifying CCRs in plants holds promise to lower cellular costs, to tailor enzymes for particular environments, and to breed enzyme improvements for crop productivity.

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Enzymes as Parts in Need of Replacement – and How to Extend Their Working Life

Abstract

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Keywords

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