Endodontic Microsurgery Outcomes over 10 Years and Associated Prognostic Factors: A Retrospective Cohort Study

Introduction: This retrospective cohort study aimed to evaluate long-term healing outcomes (10–17.5 years) after contemporary endodontic microsurgery (EMS) and identify the associated prognostic factors. Methods: Clinical and radiographic data of an EMS cohort (2006–2013) from the electronic database of the dental hospital were reviewed retrospectively by 2 independent examiners to determine their survival and healing outcomes, and potential prognostic factors were analyzed by Cox proportional hazards regression and logistic regression (α = 0.05). Results: Through strict inclusion and exclusion criteria and 721 EMS-treated teeth in the cohort, 309 (42.9%) were included (male = 35.0%; female = 65.0%; age = 45.83 ± 15.53 years) with a mean final follow-up of 152.26 ± 26.37 months (range, 120–211 months; median = 148 months). Clinical and radiographic assessments found an 80.5% 10-year survival rate with 63.4% of success. Collectively, tooth type, tooth mobility, preoperative lesion size, clinical crown-to-root ratio, and crown restorations at follow-up were significantly associated with long-term success and survival over 10 years. Conclusions: The preoperative status and condition of the tooth including its alveolar bone support and adequate full-crown restorations may be relevant prognostic determinants of success and survival after EMS over time.