En bloc simultaneous pancreas and kidney allotransplantation in the pig

The pig is a large animal suitable for experimental pancreas transplantation due to its anatomy and transplant immunology, both of which are similar to humans. We established a model of en bloc simultaneous pancreas and kidney transplantation that decreases preservation time, operation time, and clamp time. The donor aorta-with celiac axis, superior mesenteric artery, and left renal artery-is anastomosed en bloc to the recipient's aorta in a side-to-oblique fashion. The portal vein is anastomosed end-to-side to the distal vena cava, and the left renal vein end-to-side to the left common iliac vein. The donor duodenum is anastomosed to the bladder to allow monitoring of the urinary amylase for rejection. En bloc transplantation is preferable for separating pancreas and kidney anastomoses in pigs. This technique could be used in humans, especially in adult uremic diabetic patients who receive a combined pancreas/kidney transplant from a pediatric cadaver donor.