Emerging Fungal Cutaneous Infections in Immunocompromised Patients

Purpose of Review: This review summarizes epidemiological risk factors, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and treatment of common emerging fungal infections that are associated with cutaneous manifestations, in immunocompromised patients including solid organ transplant and hematopoietic cell transplant recipients. Recent Findings: Immunocompromised patients including transplant recipients are at an increased risk of invasive fungal disease due to emerging fungi, such as mucormycetes and Scedosporium spp. Although cutaneous involvement is common, there is a great degree of variation in clinical manifestations, diagnostic techniques, and more importantly, treatment with antifungals. Summary: The cutaneous manifestations of emerging fungal pathogens in immunocompromised patients can be localized or part of a disseminated disease. These fungal infections are remarkable for their varying resistance to antifungals. It is essential for clinicians to be knowledgeable about these infections as early treatment might improve outcomes including survival.