Emerging applications of spatial network big data in transportation

434Routing and navigation services are a set of ideas and technologies that transform lives by understanding the physical world, knowing and communicating relations to places in that world, and navigating through those places. From Google Maps (maps.google.com) to consumer global positioning system (GPS) devices, society is benefiting immensely from transportation services. However, the size, variety, and update rate of spatial network data sets are increasingly exceeding the capacity of commonly used spatial computing and database technologies to learn, manage, and process the data with reasonable effort. We believe that this data, which we call spatial network big data (SNBD), represents the next frontier in transportation services. Examples of emerging spatial big data (SBD) data sets include temporally detailed (TD) road maps that provide speeds every minute for every road segment, GPS track data from cell phones, and engine measurements of fuel consumption, greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, etc.