Electron Partial Density and Temperature Over Jupiter's Main Auroral Emission Using Juno Observations

F. Allegrini; W. S. Kurth; S. S. Elliott; J. Saur; G. Livadiotis; G. Nicolaou; F. Bagenal; S. Bolton; G. Clark; J. E.P. Connerney; R. W. Ebert; G. R. Gladstone; P. Louarn; B. H. Mauk; D. J. McComas; A. H. Sulaiman; J. R. Szalay; P. W. Valek; R. J. Wilson

doi:10.1029/2021JA029426

Electron Partial Density and Temperature Over Jupiter's Main Auroral Emission Using Juno Observations

F. Allegrini, W. S. Kurth, S. S. Elliott, J. Saur, G. Livadiotis, G. Nicolaou, F. Bagenal, S. Bolton, G. Clark, J. E.P. Connerney, R. W. Ebert, G. R. Gladstone, P. Louarn, B. H. Mauk, D. J. McComas, A. H. Sulaiman, J. R. Szalay, P. W. Valek, R. J. Wilson

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Abstract

We present a survey of electron partial densities (i.e., the portion of the total density measured between ∼0.05 and 100 keV) and temperatures in Jupiter's main auroral emission region using plasma measurements from the Jovian Auroral Distributions Experiment (JADE) on Juno. The electron partial density increases from ∼0.01 or 0.1 cm⁻³ near the main oval to a few cm⁻³ at the edge of the measurable part of the UV emission equatorward of the main oval. The electron temperature is highest near the main oval at ∼10–20 keV and decreases equatorward down to ∼0.3–2 keV. The JADE electron partial density agrees within a factor of ∼2 with the total electron densities derived from Juno-Waves when the comparison is possible. The electron density and temperature trends are consistent for all sampled longitudes, for the north and the south, and there is no significant trend with radial distance in the range examined in this study (1.25–1.96 R_J). The electron density is anti-correlated with the temperature and the characteristic energy. The ratio of the magnetic field strength to the electron density is maximum near the main oval.

Original language	English (US)
Article number	e2021JA029426
Journal	Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics
Volume	126
Issue number	9
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1029/2021JA029426 https://doi.org/10.1029/2021ja029426
State	Published - Sep 2021
Externally published	Yes

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
We thank all the outstanding women and men who have made Juno and its instrument suite so successful. The authors would also like to thank the following individuals who have helped in different capacities: George Hospodarsky, Masafumi Imai, Bob Lysak, and Craig Pollock. This work was funded by the NASA New Frontiers Program for Juno, at the University of Iowa through contract 699041X, at the University of Colorado through contract 699050X, and at Princeton University through contract NNM06AA75C with the Southwest Research Institute.

Publisher Copyright:
© 2021. American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved.

Keywords

Jupiter
aurora
density
electron
magnetosphere

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Allegrini, F., Kurth, W. S., Elliott, S. S., Saur, J., Livadiotis, G., Nicolaou, G., Bagenal, F., Bolton, S., Clark, G., Connerney, J. E. P., Ebert, R. W., Gladstone, G. R., Louarn, P., Mauk, B. H., McComas, D. J., Sulaiman, A. H., Szalay, J. R., Valek, P. W., & Wilson, R. J. (2021). Electron Partial Density and Temperature Over Jupiter's Main Auroral Emission Using Juno Observations. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, 126(9), Article e2021JA029426. https://doi.org/10.1029/2021JA029426, https://doi.org/10.1029/2021ja029426

Allegrini, F, Kurth, WS, Elliott, SS, Saur, J, Livadiotis, G, Nicolaou, G, Bagenal, F, Bolton, S, Clark, G, Connerney, JEP, Ebert, RW, Gladstone, GR, Louarn, P, Mauk, BH, McComas, DJ, Sulaiman, AH, Szalay, JR, Valek, PW & Wilson, RJ 2021, 'Electron Partial Density and Temperature Over Jupiter's Main Auroral Emission Using Juno Observations', Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, vol. 126, no. 9, e2021JA029426. https://doi.org/10.1029/2021JA029426, https://doi.org/10.1029/2021ja029426

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title = "Electron Partial Density and Temperature Over Jupiter's Main Auroral Emission Using Juno Observations",

abstract = "We present a survey of electron partial densities (i.e., the portion of the total density measured between ∼0.05 and 100 keV) and temperatures in Jupiter's main auroral emission region using plasma measurements from the Jovian Auroral Distributions Experiment (JADE) on Juno. The electron partial density increases from ∼0.01 or 0.1 cm−3 near the main oval to a few cm−3 at the edge of the measurable part of the UV emission equatorward of the main oval. The electron temperature is highest near the main oval at ∼10–20 keV and decreases equatorward down to ∼0.3–2 keV. The JADE electron partial density agrees within a factor of ∼2 with the total electron densities derived from Juno-Waves when the comparison is possible. The electron density and temperature trends are consistent for all sampled longitudes, for the north and the south, and there is no significant trend with radial distance in the range examined in this study (1.25–1.96 RJ). The electron density is anti-correlated with the temperature and the characteristic energy. The ratio of the magnetic field strength to the electron density is maximum near the main oval.",

keywords = "Jupiter, aurora, density, electron, magnetosphere",

author = "F. Allegrini and Kurth, {W. S.} and Elliott, {S. S.} and J. Saur and G. Livadiotis and G. Nicolaou and F. Bagenal and S. Bolton and G. Clark and Connerney, {J. E.P.} and Ebert, {R. W.} and Gladstone, {G. R.} and P. Louarn and Mauk, {B. H.} and McComas, {D. J.} and Sulaiman, {A. H.} and Szalay, {J. R.} and Valek, {P. W.} and Wilson, {R. J.}",

note = "Funding Information: We thank all the outstanding women and men who have made Juno and its instrument suite so successful. The authors would also like to thank the following individuals who have helped in different capacities: George Hospodarsky, Masafumi Imai, Bob Lysak, and Craig Pollock. This work was funded by the NASA New Frontiers Program for Juno, at the University of Iowa through contract 699041X, at the University of Colorado through contract 699050X, and at Princeton University through contract NNM06AA75C with the Southwest Research Institute. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2021. American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved.",

year = "2021",

month = sep,

doi = "10.1029/2021JA029426",

language = "English (US)",

volume = "126",

journal = "Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics",

issn = "2169-9380",

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TY - JOUR

T1 - Electron Partial Density and Temperature Over Jupiter's Main Auroral Emission Using Juno Observations

AU - Allegrini, F.

AU - Kurth, W. S.

AU - Elliott, S. S.

AU - Saur, J.

AU - Livadiotis, G.

AU - Nicolaou, G.

AU - Bagenal, F.

AU - Bolton, S.

AU - Clark, G.

AU - Connerney, J. E.P.

AU - Ebert, R. W.

AU - Gladstone, G. R.

AU - Louarn, P.

AU - Mauk, B. H.

AU - McComas, D. J.

AU - Sulaiman, A. H.

AU - Szalay, J. R.

AU - Valek, P. W.

AU - Wilson, R. J.

N1 - Funding Information: We thank all the outstanding women and men who have made Juno and its instrument suite so successful. The authors would also like to thank the following individuals who have helped in different capacities: George Hospodarsky, Masafumi Imai, Bob Lysak, and Craig Pollock. This work was funded by the NASA New Frontiers Program for Juno, at the University of Iowa through contract 699041X, at the University of Colorado through contract 699050X, and at Princeton University through contract NNM06AA75C with the Southwest Research Institute. Publisher Copyright: © 2021. American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved.

PY - 2021/9

Y1 - 2021/9

N2 - We present a survey of electron partial densities (i.e., the portion of the total density measured between ∼0.05 and 100 keV) and temperatures in Jupiter's main auroral emission region using plasma measurements from the Jovian Auroral Distributions Experiment (JADE) on Juno. The electron partial density increases from ∼0.01 or 0.1 cm−3 near the main oval to a few cm−3 at the edge of the measurable part of the UV emission equatorward of the main oval. The electron temperature is highest near the main oval at ∼10–20 keV and decreases equatorward down to ∼0.3–2 keV. The JADE electron partial density agrees within a factor of ∼2 with the total electron densities derived from Juno-Waves when the comparison is possible. The electron density and temperature trends are consistent for all sampled longitudes, for the north and the south, and there is no significant trend with radial distance in the range examined in this study (1.25–1.96 RJ). The electron density is anti-correlated with the temperature and the characteristic energy. The ratio of the magnetic field strength to the electron density is maximum near the main oval.

AB - We present a survey of electron partial densities (i.e., the portion of the total density measured between ∼0.05 and 100 keV) and temperatures in Jupiter's main auroral emission region using plasma measurements from the Jovian Auroral Distributions Experiment (JADE) on Juno. The electron partial density increases from ∼0.01 or 0.1 cm−3 near the main oval to a few cm−3 at the edge of the measurable part of the UV emission equatorward of the main oval. The electron temperature is highest near the main oval at ∼10–20 keV and decreases equatorward down to ∼0.3–2 keV. The JADE electron partial density agrees within a factor of ∼2 with the total electron densities derived from Juno-Waves when the comparison is possible. The electron density and temperature trends are consistent for all sampled longitudes, for the north and the south, and there is no significant trend with radial distance in the range examined in this study (1.25–1.96 RJ). The electron density is anti-correlated with the temperature and the characteristic energy. The ratio of the magnetic field strength to the electron density is maximum near the main oval.

KW - Jupiter

KW - aurora

KW - density

KW - electron

KW - magnetosphere

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U2 - 10.1029/2021JA029426

DO - 10.1029/2021JA029426

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:85113760291

SN - 2169-9380

VL - 126

JO - Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics

JF - Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics

IS - 9

M1 - e2021JA029426

ER -

Electron Partial Density and Temperature Over Jupiter's Main Auroral Emission Using Juno Observations

Abstract

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