Efficient dispersion of crude oil by blends of food-grade surfactants: Toward greener oil-spill treatments

David A. Riehm, John E. Neilsen, Geoffrey D. Bothun, Vijay T. John, Srinivasa R. Raghavan, Alon V. McCormick

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

41 Scopus citations

Abstract

Effectiveness of oil spill dispersants containing lecithin/Tween 80 (L/T) blends in ethanol was measured as a function of L:T ratio, surfactant:solvent ratio, solvent composition, and dispersant:oil ratio (DOR) using baffled flask dispersion effectiveness tests. Optimal L:T ratios are between 60:40 and 80:20 (w/w); at higher L:T ratios, effectiveness is limited by high interfacial tension, while at lower L:T ratios, insufficient lecithin is present to form a well-packed monolayer at an oil-water interface. These optimal L:T ratios retain high effectiveness at low DOR: 80:20 (w/w) L:T dispersant is 89% effective at 1:25 DOR (v/v) and 77% effective at 1:100 DOR (v/v). Increasing surfactant:solvent ratio increases dispersant effectiveness even when DOR is proportionally reduced to keep total surfactant concentration dosed into the oil constant. Replacing some of the ethanol with octane or octanol also increases dispersant effectiveness, suggesting that ethanol's hydrophilicity lowers dispersant-oil miscibility, and that more hydrophobic solvents would increase effectiveness.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)92-97
Number of pages6
JournalMarine Pollution Bulletin
Volume101
Issue number1
DOIs
StatePublished - 2015

Bibliographical note

Publisher Copyright:
© 2015 Elsevier Ltd.

Keywords

  • Crude oil
  • Dispersant
  • Lecithin
  • Oil spill
  • Tween 80

Fingerprint

Dive into the research topics of 'Efficient dispersion of crude oil by blends of food-grade surfactants: Toward greener oil-spill treatments'. Together they form a unique fingerprint.

Cite this