Effects of decadal exposure to interacting elevated CO2 and/or O3 on paper birch (Betula papyrifera) reproduction

Joseph N.T. Darbah; Mark E. Kubiske; Neil Nelson; Elina Oksanen; Elina Vapaavuori; David F. Karnosky

doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2008.01.033

Effects of decadal exposure to interacting elevated CO₂ and/or O₃ on paper birch (Betula papyrifera) reproduction

Joseph N.T. Darbah, Mark E. Kubiske, Neil Nelson, Elina Oksanen, Elina Vapaavuori, David F. Karnosky

Natural Resources Research Institute

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

50 Scopus citations

Abstract

We studied the effects of long-term exposure (nine years) of birch (Betula papyrifera) trees to elevated CO₂ and/or O₃ on reproduction and seedling development at the Aspen FACE (Free-Air Carbon Dioxide Enrichment) site in Rhinelander, WI. We found that elevated CO₂ increased both the number of trees that flowered and the quantity of flowers (260% increase in male flower production), increased seed weight, germination rate, and seedling vigor. Elevated O₃ also increased flowering but decreased seed weight and germination rate. In the combination treatment (elevated CO₂ + O₃) seed weight is decreased (20% reduction) while germination rate was unaffected. The evidence from this study indicates that elevated CO₂ may have a largely positive impact on forest tree reproduction and regeneration while elevated O₃ will likely have a negative impact.

Original language	English (US)
Pages (from-to)	446-452
Number of pages	7
Journal	Environmental Pollution
Volume	155
Issue number	3
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2008.01.033
State	Published - Oct 2008

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
This research was principally supported by the U.S. Department of Energy's Office of Biological and Environmental Research, (Grant No. DE-FG02-95ER62125). Additional support was provided by the US Forest Service Northern Research Station and Northern Global Change Program, Michigan Technological University, the Praxair Foundation, the McIntire-Stennis Program, Natural Resources Canada-Canadian Forest Service and Academy of Finland (project 109933). The authors are grateful to Janet Pikkarainen and David B. Karnosky for their assistance in the manuscript editing and proof reading.

Keywords

Elevated tropospheric ozone and carbon dioxide
Flower production
Seed germination
Seed quality
Seedlings growth and survival
Seeds

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10.1016/j.envpol.2008.01.033

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title = "Effects of decadal exposure to interacting elevated CO2 and/or O3 on paper birch (Betula papyrifera) reproduction",

abstract = "We studied the effects of long-term exposure (nine years) of birch (Betula papyrifera) trees to elevated CO2 and/or O3 on reproduction and seedling development at the Aspen FACE (Free-Air Carbon Dioxide Enrichment) site in Rhinelander, WI. We found that elevated CO2 increased both the number of trees that flowered and the quantity of flowers (260% increase in male flower production), increased seed weight, germination rate, and seedling vigor. Elevated O3 also increased flowering but decreased seed weight and germination rate. In the combination treatment (elevated CO2 + O3) seed weight is decreased (20% reduction) while germination rate was unaffected. The evidence from this study indicates that elevated CO2 may have a largely positive impact on forest tree reproduction and regeneration while elevated O3 will likely have a negative impact.",

keywords = "Elevated tropospheric ozone and carbon dioxide, Flower production, Seed germination, Seed quality, Seedlings growth and survival, Seeds",

author = "Darbah, {Joseph N.T.} and Kubiske, {Mark E.} and Neil Nelson and Elina Oksanen and Elina Vapaavuori and Karnosky, {David F.}",

note = "Funding Information: This research was principally supported by the U.S. Department of Energy's Office of Biological and Environmental Research, (Grant No. DE-FG02-95ER62125). Additional support was provided by the US Forest Service Northern Research Station and Northern Global Change Program, Michigan Technological University, the Praxair Foundation, the McIntire-Stennis Program, Natural Resources Canada-Canadian Forest Service and Academy of Finland (project 109933). The authors are grateful to Janet Pikkarainen and David B. Karnosky for their assistance in the manuscript editing and proof reading.",

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AU - Vapaavuori, Elina

AU - Karnosky, David F.

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N2 - We studied the effects of long-term exposure (nine years) of birch (Betula papyrifera) trees to elevated CO2 and/or O3 on reproduction and seedling development at the Aspen FACE (Free-Air Carbon Dioxide Enrichment) site in Rhinelander, WI. We found that elevated CO2 increased both the number of trees that flowered and the quantity of flowers (260% increase in male flower production), increased seed weight, germination rate, and seedling vigor. Elevated O3 also increased flowering but decreased seed weight and germination rate. In the combination treatment (elevated CO2 + O3) seed weight is decreased (20% reduction) while germination rate was unaffected. The evidence from this study indicates that elevated CO2 may have a largely positive impact on forest tree reproduction and regeneration while elevated O3 will likely have a negative impact.

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