Abstract
Some of the most dramatic growth in the provision of primary and secondary education over the last decade has occurred across countries of the Middle East and North Africa (MENA). Yet student achievement across MENA is lagging compared to many other parts of the world. Low quality of education is a primary concern and one of the greatest challenges facing education and government leaders across the region. This paper summarises recent evidence regarding student learning in the MENA region and draws on Galal's model of policy formulation in considering ways that governments across the Middle East might address this problem.
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 311-344 |
| Number of pages | 34 |
| Journal | International Review of Education |
| Volume | 55 |
| Issue number | 4 |
| DOIs | |
| State | Published - 2009 |
Bibliographical note
Funding Information:Source: All the data except for those with notes are from UNESCO through EdStats. Algeria – The World Bank, Democratic and Popular Republic of Algeria Public Expenditure Review of the Social Sector Volume I, January 2002 (Report No. 22591-AL). Algeria – Ministry of National Education, Ministry of Finance and National Office for Statistics through Banque mondiale, Étude sur la restructuration de l’enseignement post-obligatoire en Algérie, 2005. Djibouti – Résultats des travaux de la mission de préparation de la Phase II Programme d’Accès et d’Amélioration de l’Education, (Octobre 24-31, 2004). Egypt – Ministry of Finance through The World Bank, Arab Republic of Egypt Education Sector Review: Progress and Priorities for the Future Volume II, 2002 (Report No. 24905-EGT). Jordan – Budget Law, 1998–2003 through The Education and Training Task Force, Jordan Public Expenditure Review Education Sector Part I. Diagnostic Draft September 7, 2004. Lebanon – Lebanese Republic Ministry of Education & Higher Education Educational Center for Research & Development, Educational Indicators In Lebanon 2002–2003. Tunisia – Ministry of Education through The World Bank, Tunisia Policy Note on Higher Education Expenditures, 2004 (Under Revision). Tunisia – The World Bank, Tunisia Development Review, Concept Note (n.d.). Yemen – Ministry of Finance, calculated by a consultant based on the following sources. MOF, Bulletin of Government Finance Statistics, Issue No. 17, 3rd Quarter 2004. Note: (a) The consistency of data in 1993 and 1994 is questionable. Definition: Public expenditure as a percentage of GDP is total government capital and current spending on education, expressed as a percentage of the GDP (EdStats). aBudgeted amount.
UN SDGs
This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)
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SDG 4 Quality Education
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