Abstract
As a precursor for cardiac arrhythmias such as atrial and ventricular fibrillations, which could cause sudden cardiac death, cardiac alternans is essentially an unstable heart rhythm with alternating long and short action potential durations (APD) of cardiac myocytes that usually occurs under fast pacing conditions. In this paper, the constant TR control method based on a global pseudo-electrocardiogram (ECG) is studied and compared with the local constant diastolic interval (DI) control method using a 2-dimensional (2-D) cellular automata model (CAM), aiming at preventing or eliminating cardiac alternans before arrhythmias. The results show that both the constant TR and constant DI control methods are effective in stabling the alternans to a smaller basic cycle length (BCL). Also, the efficacy of the two control approaches depends on the “decrease step” Δ in the downsweep protocol, and a smaller Δ could significantly improve their performance. In addition, constant TR control is generally superior to constant DI control in alternans prevention when a relatively large Δ is adopted.
Original language | English (US) |
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Pages (from-to) | 3837-3851 |
Number of pages | 15 |
Journal | Nonlinear Dynamics |
Volume | 110 |
Issue number | 4 |
DOIs | |
State | Published - Dec 2022 |
Bibliographical note
Funding Information:This work was supported in part by the National Science Foundation under Grant Numbers 1661615 and 1659502.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature B.V.
Keywords
- Alternans
- Cardiac arrhythmias
- Cellular automata model
- Conduction block
- Constant DI control
- Constant TR control
- ECG