Dynamic characteristics of energy-integrated batch process systems: Insights from two case studies

This paper assesses the impact of energy integration on the dynamics of batch process systems. Using a prototype example of an integrated batch reactor, it is shown that such systems give rise to network-level dynamics - a characteristic feature of integrated process networks. The network dynamics is nonlinear, evolves at a slower time scale, and is more pronounced in the limit of tight energy integration. Furthermore, it is illustrated that these dynamic characteristics are independent of the (direct or indirect) mode of energy integration. Lastly, the significance of this network dynamics on the optimal operation of such systems is also demonstrated.