Driver of Energetic Electron Precipitation in the Vicinity of Ganymede

W. Li; Q. Ma; X. C. Shen; X. J. Zhang; B. H. Mauk; G. Clark; F. Allegrini; W. S. Kurth; G. B. Hospodarsky; A. Sulaiman; T. A. Nordheim; S. J. Bolton

doi:10.1029/2022GL101555

Driver of Energetic Electron Precipitation in the Vicinity of Ganymede

W. Li, Q. Ma, X. C. Shen, X. J. Zhang, B. H. Mauk, G. Clark, F. Allegrini, W. S. Kurth, G. B. Hospodarsky, A. Sulaiman, T. A. Nordheim, S. J. Bolton

Physics and Astronomy (Twin Cities)

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Abstract

The driver of energetic electron precipitation into Ganymede's atmosphere has been an outstanding open problem. During the Juno flyby of Ganymede on 7 June 2021, Juno observed significant downward-going electron fluxes inside the bounce loss cone of Ganymede's polar magnetosphere. Concurrently, Juno detected intense whistler-mode waves, both in the quasi-parallel and highly oblique directions with respect to the magnetic field line. We use quasi-linear model to quantify energetic electron precipitation driven by quasi-parallel and very oblique whistler-mode waves, respectively, in the vicinity of Ganymede. The data-model comparison indicates that in Ganymede's lower-latitude (higher-latitude) polar region, quasi-parallel whistler-mode waves play a dominant role in precipitating higher-energy electrons above ∼100s eV (∼1 keV), whereas highly oblique waves are important for precipitating lower-energy electrons below 100s eV (∼1 keV). Our result provides new evidence of whistler-mode waves as a potential primary driver of precipitating energetic electrons into Ganymede's atmosphere.

Original language	English (US)
Article number	e2022GL101555
Journal	Geophysical Research Letters
Volume	50
Issue number	6
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1029/2022GL101555 https://doi.org/10.1029/2022GL101555
State	Published - Mar 28 2023

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
WL and XS would like to gratefully acknowledge the NASA Grant 80NSSC20K0557 and Subcontract Q99064JAR under NASA Prime contract NNM06AA75C. QM and XZ acknowledge the subcontract 699046X to UCLA under prime contract ZZM06AA75C. QM acknowledges the NASA Grant 80NSSC20K0196. WSK and GBH at the University of Iowa acknowledge the NASA contract 699041X through SwRI.

Funding Information:
WL and XS would like to gratefully acknowledge the NASA Grant 80NSSC20K0557 and Subcontract Q99064JAR under NASA Prime contract NNM06AA75C. QM and XZ acknowledge the subcontract 699046X to UCLA under prime contract ZZM06AA75C. QM acknowledges the NASA Grant 80NSSC20K0196. WSK and GBH at the University of Iowa acknowledge the NASA contract 699041X through SwRI.

Publisher Copyright:
© 2022. The Authors.

Keywords

diffuse aurora
electron precipitation
Ganymede
Juno
pitch angle scattering
whistler mode waves

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Li, W., Ma, Q., Shen, X. C., Zhang, X. J., Mauk, B. H., Clark, G., Allegrini, F., Kurth, W. S., Hospodarsky, G. B., Sulaiman, A., Nordheim, T. A., & Bolton, S. J. (2023). Driver of Energetic Electron Precipitation in the Vicinity of Ganymede. Geophysical Research Letters, 50(6), Article e2022GL101555. https://doi.org/10.1029/2022GL101555, https://doi.org/10.1029/2022GL101555

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abstract = "The driver of energetic electron precipitation into Ganymede's atmosphere has been an outstanding open problem. During the Juno flyby of Ganymede on 7 June 2021, Juno observed significant downward-going electron fluxes inside the bounce loss cone of Ganymede's polar magnetosphere. Concurrently, Juno detected intense whistler-mode waves, both in the quasi-parallel and highly oblique directions with respect to the magnetic field line. We use quasi-linear model to quantify energetic electron precipitation driven by quasi-parallel and very oblique whistler-mode waves, respectively, in the vicinity of Ganymede. The data-model comparison indicates that in Ganymede's lower-latitude (higher-latitude) polar region, quasi-parallel whistler-mode waves play a dominant role in precipitating higher-energy electrons above ∼100s eV (∼1 keV), whereas highly oblique waves are important for precipitating lower-energy electrons below 100s eV (∼1 keV). Our result provides new evidence of whistler-mode waves as a potential primary driver of precipitating energetic electrons into Ganymede's atmosphere.",

keywords = "diffuse aurora, electron precipitation, Ganymede, Juno, pitch angle scattering, whistler mode waves",

author = "W. Li and Q. Ma and Shen, {X. C.} and Zhang, {X. J.} and Mauk, {B. H.} and G. Clark and F. Allegrini and Kurth, {W. S.} and Hospodarsky, {G. B.} and A. Sulaiman and Nordheim, {T. A.} and Bolton, {S. J.}",

note = "Funding Information: WL and XS would like to gratefully acknowledge the NASA Grant 80NSSC20K0557 and Subcontract Q99064JAR under NASA Prime contract NNM06AA75C. QM and XZ acknowledge the subcontract 699046X to UCLA under prime contract ZZM06AA75C. QM acknowledges the NASA Grant 80NSSC20K0196. WSK and GBH at the University of Iowa acknowledge the NASA contract 699041X through SwRI. Funding Information: WL and XS would like to gratefully acknowledge the NASA Grant 80NSSC20K0557 and Subcontract Q99064JAR under NASA Prime contract NNM06AA75C. QM and XZ acknowledge the subcontract 699046X to UCLA under prime contract ZZM06AA75C. QM acknowledges the NASA Grant 80NSSC20K0196. WSK and GBH at the University of Iowa acknowledge the NASA contract 699041X through SwRI. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2022. The Authors.",

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doi = "10.1029/2022GL101555",

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T1 - Driver of Energetic Electron Precipitation in the Vicinity of Ganymede

AU - Li, W.

AU - Ma, Q.

AU - Shen, X. C.

AU - Zhang, X. J.

AU - Mauk, B. H.

AU - Clark, G.

AU - Allegrini, F.

AU - Kurth, W. S.

AU - Hospodarsky, G. B.

AU - Sulaiman, A.

AU - Nordheim, T. A.

AU - Bolton, S. J.

N1 - Funding Information: WL and XS would like to gratefully acknowledge the NASA Grant 80NSSC20K0557 and Subcontract Q99064JAR under NASA Prime contract NNM06AA75C. QM and XZ acknowledge the subcontract 699046X to UCLA under prime contract ZZM06AA75C. QM acknowledges the NASA Grant 80NSSC20K0196. WSK and GBH at the University of Iowa acknowledge the NASA contract 699041X through SwRI. Funding Information: WL and XS would like to gratefully acknowledge the NASA Grant 80NSSC20K0557 and Subcontract Q99064JAR under NASA Prime contract NNM06AA75C. QM and XZ acknowledge the subcontract 699046X to UCLA under prime contract ZZM06AA75C. QM acknowledges the NASA Grant 80NSSC20K0196. WSK and GBH at the University of Iowa acknowledge the NASA contract 699041X through SwRI. Publisher Copyright: © 2022. The Authors.

PY - 2023/3/28

Y1 - 2023/3/28

N2 - The driver of energetic electron precipitation into Ganymede's atmosphere has been an outstanding open problem. During the Juno flyby of Ganymede on 7 June 2021, Juno observed significant downward-going electron fluxes inside the bounce loss cone of Ganymede's polar magnetosphere. Concurrently, Juno detected intense whistler-mode waves, both in the quasi-parallel and highly oblique directions with respect to the magnetic field line. We use quasi-linear model to quantify energetic electron precipitation driven by quasi-parallel and very oblique whistler-mode waves, respectively, in the vicinity of Ganymede. The data-model comparison indicates that in Ganymede's lower-latitude (higher-latitude) polar region, quasi-parallel whistler-mode waves play a dominant role in precipitating higher-energy electrons above ∼100s eV (∼1 keV), whereas highly oblique waves are important for precipitating lower-energy electrons below 100s eV (∼1 keV). Our result provides new evidence of whistler-mode waves as a potential primary driver of precipitating energetic electrons into Ganymede's atmosphere.

AB - The driver of energetic electron precipitation into Ganymede's atmosphere has been an outstanding open problem. During the Juno flyby of Ganymede on 7 June 2021, Juno observed significant downward-going electron fluxes inside the bounce loss cone of Ganymede's polar magnetosphere. Concurrently, Juno detected intense whistler-mode waves, both in the quasi-parallel and highly oblique directions with respect to the magnetic field line. We use quasi-linear model to quantify energetic electron precipitation driven by quasi-parallel and very oblique whistler-mode waves, respectively, in the vicinity of Ganymede. The data-model comparison indicates that in Ganymede's lower-latitude (higher-latitude) polar region, quasi-parallel whistler-mode waves play a dominant role in precipitating higher-energy electrons above ∼100s eV (∼1 keV), whereas highly oblique waves are important for precipitating lower-energy electrons below 100s eV (∼1 keV). Our result provides new evidence of whistler-mode waves as a potential primary driver of precipitating energetic electrons into Ganymede's atmosphere.

KW - diffuse aurora

KW - electron precipitation

KW - Ganymede

KW - Juno

KW - pitch angle scattering

KW - whistler mode waves

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U2 - 10.1029/2022GL101555

DO - 10.1029/2022GL101555

M3 - Article

SN - 0094-8276

VL - 50

JO - Geophysical Research Letters

JF - Geophysical Research Letters

IS - 6

M1 - e2022GL101555

ER -

Driver of Energetic Electron Precipitation in the Vicinity of Ganymede

Abstract

Bibliographical note

Keywords

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