Dipole-tracing method applied to human brain potentials

A new computer-aided method was developed to estimate the location of an electric source generator (e.g. a current dipole) in the human brain. Brain activity such as somatosensory evoked potentials was recorded with 21 surface electrodes over the scalp. To solve the inverse problem, it was assumed that only one dipole is elicited at a given time, and that the head is embedded in an infinite and homogeneous conductor. The exact geometry of the human head was measured from 17 slices of CT-images of a real head to arrange a human head model. A dipole with a given moment and location is assumed in the head model. Potential distribution elicited by the dipole is compared with potential distribution which was the actual recorded one. The optimal dipole location was calculated, using the simplex method. Hence, the optimal dipole moment was obtained. The accuracy of estimation as an equivalent dipole was expressed in terms of dipolarity.