Dipole Moment Calculations Using Multiconfiguration Pair-Density Functional Theory and Hybrid Multiconfiguration Pair-Density Functional Theory

Aleksandr O. Lykhin, Donald G. Truhlar, Laura Gagliardi

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

10 Scopus citations

Abstract

The dipole moment is the molecular property that most directly indicates molecular polarity. The accuracy of computed dipole moments depends strongly on the quality of the calculated electron density, and the breakdown of single-reference methods for strongly correlated systems can lead to poor predictions of the dipole moments in those cases. Here, we derive the analytical expression for obtaining the electric dipole moment by multiconfiguration pair-density functional theory (MC-PDFT), and we assess the accuracy of MC-PDFT for predicting dipole moments at equilibrium and nonequilibrium geometries. We show that MC-PDFT dipole moment curves have reasonable behavior even for stretched geometries, and they significantly improve upon the CASSCF results by capturing more electron correlation. The analysis of a dataset consisting of 18 first-row transition-metal diatomics and 6 main-group polyatomic molecules with a multireference character suggests that MC-PDFT and its hybrid extension (HMC-PDFT) perform comparably to CASPT2 and MRCISD+Q methods and have a mean unsigned deviation of 0.2-0.3 D with respect to the best available dipole moment reference values. We explored the dependence of the predicted dipole moments upon the choice of the on-top density functional and active space, and we recommend the tPBE and hybrid tPBE0 on-top choices for the functionals combined with the moderate correlated-participating-orbitals scheme for selecting the active space. With these choices, the mean unsigned deviations (in debyes) of the calculated equilibrium dipole moments from the best estimates are 0.77 for CASSCF, 0.29 for MC-PDFT, 0.24 for HMC-PDFT, 0.28 for CASPT2, and 0.25 for MRCISD+Q. These results are encouraging because the computational cost of MC-PDFT or HMC-PDFT is largely reduced compared to the CASPT2 and MRCISD+Q methods.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)7586-7601
Number of pages16
JournalJournal of Chemical Theory and Computation
Volume17
Issue number12
DOIs
StatePublished - Dec 14 2021

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
This work was supported by the Air Force Office of Scientific Research by Grant no. FA9550-16-1-0134. We thank the University of Chicago Research Computing Center and Minnesota Supercomputing Institute at the University of Minnesota for computational resources.

Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 American Chemical Society.

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