Diet, secondhand smoke, and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels among Singapore Chinese adults

Brianna F. Moore; Lesley M. Butler; Annette M. Bachand; Agus Salim; Stephen J. Reynolds; Renwei Wang; Tracy L. Nelson; Jennifer L. Peel; Sharon E. Murphy; Woon Puay Koh; Jian Min Yuan; Maggie L. Clark

doi:10.3390/ijerph16245148

Diet, secondhand smoke, and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels among Singapore Chinese adults

Brianna F. Moore, Lesley M. Butler, Annette M. Bachand, Agus Salim, Stephen J. Reynolds, Renwei Wang, Tracy L. Nelson, Jennifer L. Peel, Sharon E. Murphy, Woon Puay Koh, Jian Min Yuan, Maggie L. Clark

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

1 Scopus citations

Abstract

The combination of poor diet and exposure to secondhand smoke may increase hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels, but few studies have explored this interaction. We explored an interaction among 574 never-smoking adults from the Singapore Chinese Health Study. At baseline (age 59 ± 8 years), intakes of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, vitamin C, vitamin E and fiber were estimated using a modified food frequency questionnaire. At follow-up (age 64 ± 9 years), HbA1c and cotinine were measured. A product term between cotinine (above or below the median value) and each nutrient (high or low intake) was included in separate linear regression models with HbA1c as the outcome. HbA1c among those with high cotinine and low omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids intakes were higher than would be expected due to the individual effects alone (p-for-interaction = 0.05). Among those with lower intakes of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, high cotinine levels were associated with 0.54% higher HbA1c levels (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.02, 1.06). Conversely, among those with higher intakes of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, HbA1c differ not differ by exposure (−0.09%; 95% CI: −0.45, 0.30). No evidence of interaction was observed for other nutrients. Diets high in omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids may ameliorate secondhand smoke-induced increases in HbA1c.

Original language	English (US)
Article number	5148
Journal	International journal of environmental research and public health
Volume	16
Issue number	24
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16245148
State	Published - Dec 2 2019

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
Funding: This work was partially supported by the American Heart Association Beginning Grant-in-Aid [Clark, 12BGIA11910040]. Agus Salim’s work on developing methods for secondary analysis of nested case-control data was partially funded by the National Health and Medical Research Council [NHMRC, 1108967]. The Singapore Chinese Health Study was supported by the U.S. National Institutes of Health grants R01 CA144034 and UM1 CA182876.

Funding Information:
This work was partially supported by the American Heart Association Beginning Grant-in-Aid [Clark, 12BGIA11910040]. Agus Salim?s work on developing methods for secondary analysis of nested case-control data was partially funded by the National Health and Medical Research Council [NHMRC, 1108967]. The Singapore Chinese Health Study was supported by the U.S. National Institutes of Health grants R01 CA144034 and UM1 CA182876. We thank Siew-Hong Low of the National University of Singapore for supervising the fieldwork of the Singapore Chinese Health Study. We also thank Rob M. van Dam for developing and providing the dataset from the nested case-control study utilized here. Finally, we acknowledge Mimi C. Yu, the founding, long-standing principal investigator of the Singapore Chinese Health Study.

Publisher Copyright:
© 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.

Keywords

Antioxidants
Cotinine
Diet
HbA1c
Interaction
Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids

Publisher link

10.3390/ijerph16245148

Find It

Find It at U of M Libraries

Cite this

Moore, B. F., Butler, L. M., Bachand, A. M., Salim, A., Reynolds, S. J., Wang, R., Nelson, T. L., Peel, J. L., Murphy, S. E., Koh, W. P., Yuan, J. M., & Clark, M. L. (2019). Diet, secondhand smoke, and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels among Singapore Chinese adults. International journal of environmental research and public health, 16(24), Article 5148. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16245148

@article{0faf948e95ff4158a6ec61589844d0a0,

title = "Diet, secondhand smoke, and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels among Singapore Chinese adults",

abstract = "The combination of poor diet and exposure to secondhand smoke may increase hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels, but few studies have explored this interaction. We explored an interaction among 574 never-smoking adults from the Singapore Chinese Health Study. At baseline (age 59 ± 8 years), intakes of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, vitamin C, vitamin E and fiber were estimated using a modified food frequency questionnaire. At follow-up (age 64 ± 9 years), HbA1c and cotinine were measured. A product term between cotinine (above or below the median value) and each nutrient (high or low intake) was included in separate linear regression models with HbA1c as the outcome. HbA1c among those with high cotinine and low omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids intakes were higher than would be expected due to the individual effects alone (p-for-interaction = 0.05). Among those with lower intakes of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, high cotinine levels were associated with 0.54% higher HbA1c levels (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.02, 1.06). Conversely, among those with higher intakes of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, HbA1c differ not differ by exposure (−0.09%; 95% CI: −0.45, 0.30). No evidence of interaction was observed for other nutrients. Diets high in omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids may ameliorate secondhand smoke-induced increases in HbA1c.",

keywords = "Antioxidants, Cotinine, Diet, HbA1c, Interaction, Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids",

author = "Moore, {Brianna F.} and Butler, {Lesley M.} and Bachand, {Annette M.} and Agus Salim and Reynolds, {Stephen J.} and Renwei Wang and Nelson, {Tracy L.} and Peel, {Jennifer L.} and Murphy, {Sharon E.} and Koh, {Woon Puay} and Yuan, {Jian Min} and Clark, {Maggie L.}",

note = "Funding Information: Funding: This work was partially supported by the American Heart Association Beginning Grant-in-Aid [Clark, 12BGIA11910040]. Agus Salim{\textquoteright}s work on developing methods for secondary analysis of nested case-control data was partially funded by the National Health and Medical Research Council [NHMRC, 1108967]. The Singapore Chinese Health Study was supported by the U.S. National Institutes of Health grants R01 CA144034 and UM1 CA182876. Funding Information: This work was partially supported by the American Heart Association Beginning Grant-in-Aid [Clark, 12BGIA11910040]. Agus Salim?s work on developing methods for secondary analysis of nested case-control data was partially funded by the National Health and Medical Research Council [NHMRC, 1108967]. The Singapore Chinese Health Study was supported by the U.S. National Institutes of Health grants R01 CA144034 and UM1 CA182876. We thank Siew-Hong Low of the National University of Singapore for supervising the fieldwork of the Singapore Chinese Health Study. We also thank Rob M. van Dam for developing and providing the dataset from the nested case-control study utilized here. Finally, we acknowledge Mimi C. Yu, the founding, long-standing principal investigator of the Singapore Chinese Health Study. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.",

year = "2019",

month = dec,

day = "2",

doi = "10.3390/ijerph16245148",

language = "English (US)",

volume = "16",

journal = "International journal of environmental research and public health",

issn = "1661-7827",

publisher = "Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI)",

number = "24",

}

TY - JOUR

T1 - Diet, secondhand smoke, and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels among Singapore Chinese adults

AU - Moore, Brianna F.

AU - Butler, Lesley M.

AU - Bachand, Annette M.

AU - Salim, Agus

AU - Reynolds, Stephen J.

AU - Wang, Renwei

AU - Nelson, Tracy L.

AU - Peel, Jennifer L.

AU - Murphy, Sharon E.

AU - Koh, Woon Puay

AU - Yuan, Jian Min

AU - Clark, Maggie L.

N1 - Funding Information: Funding: This work was partially supported by the American Heart Association Beginning Grant-in-Aid [Clark, 12BGIA11910040]. Agus Salim’s work on developing methods for secondary analysis of nested case-control data was partially funded by the National Health and Medical Research Council [NHMRC, 1108967]. The Singapore Chinese Health Study was supported by the U.S. National Institutes of Health grants R01 CA144034 and UM1 CA182876. Funding Information: This work was partially supported by the American Heart Association Beginning Grant-in-Aid [Clark, 12BGIA11910040]. Agus Salim?s work on developing methods for secondary analysis of nested case-control data was partially funded by the National Health and Medical Research Council [NHMRC, 1108967]. The Singapore Chinese Health Study was supported by the U.S. National Institutes of Health grants R01 CA144034 and UM1 CA182876. We thank Siew-Hong Low of the National University of Singapore for supervising the fieldwork of the Singapore Chinese Health Study. We also thank Rob M. van Dam for developing and providing the dataset from the nested case-control study utilized here. Finally, we acknowledge Mimi C. Yu, the founding, long-standing principal investigator of the Singapore Chinese Health Study. Publisher Copyright: © 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.

PY - 2019/12/2

Y1 - 2019/12/2

N2 - The combination of poor diet and exposure to secondhand smoke may increase hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels, but few studies have explored this interaction. We explored an interaction among 574 never-smoking adults from the Singapore Chinese Health Study. At baseline (age 59 ± 8 years), intakes of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, vitamin C, vitamin E and fiber were estimated using a modified food frequency questionnaire. At follow-up (age 64 ± 9 years), HbA1c and cotinine were measured. A product term between cotinine (above or below the median value) and each nutrient (high or low intake) was included in separate linear regression models with HbA1c as the outcome. HbA1c among those with high cotinine and low omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids intakes were higher than would be expected due to the individual effects alone (p-for-interaction = 0.05). Among those with lower intakes of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, high cotinine levels were associated with 0.54% higher HbA1c levels (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.02, 1.06). Conversely, among those with higher intakes of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, HbA1c differ not differ by exposure (−0.09%; 95% CI: −0.45, 0.30). No evidence of interaction was observed for other nutrients. Diets high in omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids may ameliorate secondhand smoke-induced increases in HbA1c.

AB - The combination of poor diet and exposure to secondhand smoke may increase hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels, but few studies have explored this interaction. We explored an interaction among 574 never-smoking adults from the Singapore Chinese Health Study. At baseline (age 59 ± 8 years), intakes of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, vitamin C, vitamin E and fiber were estimated using a modified food frequency questionnaire. At follow-up (age 64 ± 9 years), HbA1c and cotinine were measured. A product term between cotinine (above or below the median value) and each nutrient (high or low intake) was included in separate linear regression models with HbA1c as the outcome. HbA1c among those with high cotinine and low omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids intakes were higher than would be expected due to the individual effects alone (p-for-interaction = 0.05). Among those with lower intakes of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, high cotinine levels were associated with 0.54% higher HbA1c levels (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.02, 1.06). Conversely, among those with higher intakes of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, HbA1c differ not differ by exposure (−0.09%; 95% CI: −0.45, 0.30). No evidence of interaction was observed for other nutrients. Diets high in omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids may ameliorate secondhand smoke-induced increases in HbA1c.

KW - Antioxidants

KW - Cotinine

KW - Diet

KW - HbA1c

KW - Interaction

KW - Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85076769289&partnerID=8YFLogxK

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85076769289&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.3390/ijerph16245148

DO - 10.3390/ijerph16245148

M3 - Article

C2 - 31861047

AN - SCOPUS:85076769289

SN - 1661-7827

VL - 16

JO - International journal of environmental research and public health

JF - International journal of environmental research and public health

IS - 24

M1 - 5148

ER -

Diet, secondhand smoke, and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels among Singapore Chinese adults

Abstract

Bibliographical note

Keywords

Publisher link

Find It

Other files and links

Fingerprint

Cite this