Diatom and dinoflagellate cyst distribution in surface sediments of the Chukchi Sea in relation to the upper water masses

Maria S. Obrezkova; Vera Pospelova; Aleksandr N. Kolesnik

doi:10.1016/j.marmicro.2022.102184

Diatom and dinoflagellate cyst distribution in surface sediments of the Chukchi Sea in relation to the upper water masses

Maria S. Obrezkova, Vera Pospelova, Aleksandr N. Kolesnik

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

9 Scopus citations

Abstract

Diatom and dinoflagellate cyst analyses were performed on 22 surface sediment samples from the Chukchi Sea to document their geographical distributions in one of the most understudied sections of the Arctic Ocean and to examine the influence of upper water masses on these two major groups of phytoplankton. Total concentrations vary from 0.9 to 5.9 × 10⁶ valves g⁻¹ for diatoms and from 0.8 to 12.5 × 10³ cysts g⁻¹ for organic-walled dinoflagellate cysts, with the highest values for both groups observed in the southern part of the Chukchi Sea and away from the Bering Strait. Well-preserved microfossils were recovered, with a total of 35 and 88 taxa of dinoflagellate cysts and diatoms, respectively. The most abundant diatoms are Paralia sulcata, Thalassiosira antarctica, Thalassiosira nordenskioeldii, and resting spores of Chaetoceros spp., whereas cysts of phototrophic Alexandrium spp., Operculodinium centrocarpum sensu Wall and Dale (1966), and heterotrophic Islandinium minutum and Brigantedinium spp. were most common in the dinoflagellate cyst assemblages. Cysts of HAB-causing Alexandrium spp. were found in most of the samples, with the highest abundances in Herald Canyon where they contribute ∼56.6% to the cyst assemblage. As expected, cysts produced by heterotrophic dinoflagellates were more abundant where sedimentary diatom concentrations were the highest. Statistical analysis identified three major diatom and dinoflagellate cyst clusters: 1. Sites influenced by the Alaska Coastal Current in the eastern part of the Chukchi Sea are characterized by high abundances of P. sulcata and O. centrocarpum sensu Wall and Dale (1966); 2. The western part and Herald Canyon in the northern part of the Chukchi Sea are distinguished by diatoms Chaetoceros spp., T. antarctica and dinoflagellate cysts of Alexandrium spp. and affected by the Siberian Coastal Current and Bering Shelf Water; and 3. Assemblages in the southern part of the Chukchi Sea are recognized by noticeable abundances of T. nordenskioeldii and cryophilic diatom taxa, and dinoflagellate cysts I. minutum, as well as by overall lower percentages of cysts of Pentapharsodinium dalei and Brigantedinium spp. This work revealed the potential applicability of the combined use of diatoms and dinoflagellate cysts for reconstructions of past dynamic water mass changes in the Chukchi Sea.

Original language	English (US)
Article number	102184
Journal	Marine Micropaleontology
Volume	178
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marmicro.2022.102184
State	Published - Jan 2023
Externally published	Yes

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
The authors are very grateful to Prof. A.S. Astakhov and Dr. A.A. Bosin for providing sediment samples for this study. Special thanks to L.V. Osipova for processing samples and preparing diatom slides, as well as to Drs. I.B. Tsoy, N.K. Vagina, T.V. Morozova, and J. Ren for their scientific input. We thank D. Bina, the Copernicus Online Data Access team, the National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), and the State of Alaska Open data Geoportal website for providing data on water quality parameters in the region. We are grateful to the associate editor Dr. X. Crosta and three anonymous reviewers for their detailed and constructive comments that helped to improve this manuscript. This work was funded by the Russian Science Foundation (project 21-17-00081 ) and research cruises through POI FEB RAS (project 121021700342-9 ). Funding for this study was partially provided by the Natural Science and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) to V.P. (discovery grant RGPIN/6388-2015 ).

Funding Information:
The authors are very grateful to Prof. A.S. Astakhov and Dr. A.A. Bosin for providing sediment samples for this study. Special thanks to L.V. Osipova for processing samples and preparing diatom slides, as well as to Drs. I.B. Tsoy, N.K. Vagina, T.V. Morozova, and J. Ren for their scientific input. We thank D. Bina, the Copernicus Online Data Access team, the National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), and the State of Alaska Open data Geoportal website for providing data on water quality parameters in the region. We are grateful to the associate editor Dr. X. Crosta and three anonymous reviewers for their detailed and constructive comments that helped to improve this manuscript. This work was funded by the Russian Science Foundation (project 21-17-00081) and research cruises through POI FEB RAS (project 121021700342-9). Funding for this study was partially provided by the Natural Science and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) to V.P. (discovery grant RGPIN/6388-2015).

Publisher Copyright:
© 2022 Elsevier B.V.

Keywords

Alexandrium
Arctic Ocean
Coastal waters
Diatoms
Dinocysts
Phytoplankton
Productivity
Sediment

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

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10.1016/j.marmicro.2022.102184

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@article{d125b51616224507a62435b54c81476c,

title = "Diatom and dinoflagellate cyst distribution in surface sediments of the Chukchi Sea in relation to the upper water masses",

abstract = "Diatom and dinoflagellate cyst analyses were performed on 22 surface sediment samples from the Chukchi Sea to document their geographical distributions in one of the most understudied sections of the Arctic Ocean and to examine the influence of upper water masses on these two major groups of phytoplankton. Total concentrations vary from 0.9 to 5.9 × 106 valves g−1 for diatoms and from 0.8 to 12.5 × 103 cysts g−1 for organic-walled dinoflagellate cysts, with the highest values for both groups observed in the southern part of the Chukchi Sea and away from the Bering Strait. Well-preserved microfossils were recovered, with a total of 35 and 88 taxa of dinoflagellate cysts and diatoms, respectively. The most abundant diatoms are Paralia sulcata, Thalassiosira antarctica, Thalassiosira nordenskioeldii, and resting spores of Chaetoceros spp., whereas cysts of phototrophic Alexandrium spp., Operculodinium centrocarpum sensu Wall and Dale (1966), and heterotrophic Islandinium minutum and Brigantedinium spp. were most common in the dinoflagellate cyst assemblages. Cysts of HAB-causing Alexandrium spp. were found in most of the samples, with the highest abundances in Herald Canyon where they contribute ∼56.6% to the cyst assemblage. As expected, cysts produced by heterotrophic dinoflagellates were more abundant where sedimentary diatom concentrations were the highest. Statistical analysis identified three major diatom and dinoflagellate cyst clusters: 1. Sites influenced by the Alaska Coastal Current in the eastern part of the Chukchi Sea are characterized by high abundances of P. sulcata and O. centrocarpum sensu Wall and Dale (1966); 2. The western part and Herald Canyon in the northern part of the Chukchi Sea are distinguished by diatoms Chaetoceros spp., T. antarctica and dinoflagellate cysts of Alexandrium spp. and affected by the Siberian Coastal Current and Bering Shelf Water; and 3. Assemblages in the southern part of the Chukchi Sea are recognized by noticeable abundances of T. nordenskioeldii and cryophilic diatom taxa, and dinoflagellate cysts I. minutum, as well as by overall lower percentages of cysts of Pentapharsodinium dalei and Brigantedinium spp. This work revealed the potential applicability of the combined use of diatoms and dinoflagellate cysts for reconstructions of past dynamic water mass changes in the Chukchi Sea.",

keywords = "Alexandrium, Arctic Ocean, Coastal waters, Diatoms, Dinocysts, Phytoplankton, Productivity, Sediment",

author = "Obrezkova, {Maria S.} and Vera Pospelova and Kolesnik, {Aleksandr N.}",

note = "Funding Information: The authors are very grateful to Prof. A.S. Astakhov and Dr. A.A. Bosin for providing sediment samples for this study. Special thanks to L.V. Osipova for processing samples and preparing diatom slides, as well as to Drs. I.B. Tsoy, N.K. Vagina, T.V. Morozova, and J. Ren for their scientific input. We thank D. Bina, the Copernicus Online Data Access team, the National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), and the State of Alaska Open data Geoportal website for providing data on water quality parameters in the region. We are grateful to the associate editor Dr. X. Crosta and three anonymous reviewers for their detailed and constructive comments that helped to improve this manuscript. This work was funded by the Russian Science Foundation (project 21-17-00081 ) and research cruises through POI FEB RAS (project 121021700342-9 ). Funding for this study was partially provided by the Natural Science and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) to V.P. (discovery grant RGPIN/6388-2015 ). Funding Information: The authors are very grateful to Prof. A.S. Astakhov and Dr. A.A. Bosin for providing sediment samples for this study. Special thanks to L.V. Osipova for processing samples and preparing diatom slides, as well as to Drs. I.B. Tsoy, N.K. Vagina, T.V. Morozova, and J. Ren for their scientific input. We thank D. Bina, the Copernicus Online Data Access team, the National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), and the State of Alaska Open data Geoportal website for providing data on water quality parameters in the region. We are grateful to the associate editor Dr. X. Crosta and three anonymous reviewers for their detailed and constructive comments that helped to improve this manuscript. This work was funded by the Russian Science Foundation (project 21-17-00081) and research cruises through POI FEB RAS (project 121021700342-9). Funding for this study was partially provided by the Natural Science and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) to V.P. (discovery grant RGPIN/6388-2015). Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2022 Elsevier B.V.",

year = "2023",

month = jan,

doi = "10.1016/j.marmicro.2022.102184",

language = "English (US)",

volume = "178",

journal = "Marine Micropaleontology",

issn = "0377-8398",

publisher = "Elsevier B.V.",

}

TY - JOUR

T1 - Diatom and dinoflagellate cyst distribution in surface sediments of the Chukchi Sea in relation to the upper water masses

AU - Obrezkova, Maria S.

AU - Pospelova, Vera

AU - Kolesnik, Aleksandr N.

N1 - Funding Information: The authors are very grateful to Prof. A.S. Astakhov and Dr. A.A. Bosin for providing sediment samples for this study. Special thanks to L.V. Osipova for processing samples and preparing diatom slides, as well as to Drs. I.B. Tsoy, N.K. Vagina, T.V. Morozova, and J. Ren for their scientific input. We thank D. Bina, the Copernicus Online Data Access team, the National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), and the State of Alaska Open data Geoportal website for providing data on water quality parameters in the region. We are grateful to the associate editor Dr. X. Crosta and three anonymous reviewers for their detailed and constructive comments that helped to improve this manuscript. This work was funded by the Russian Science Foundation (project 21-17-00081 ) and research cruises through POI FEB RAS (project 121021700342-9 ). Funding for this study was partially provided by the Natural Science and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) to V.P. (discovery grant RGPIN/6388-2015 ). Funding Information: The authors are very grateful to Prof. A.S. Astakhov and Dr. A.A. Bosin for providing sediment samples for this study. Special thanks to L.V. Osipova for processing samples and preparing diatom slides, as well as to Drs. I.B. Tsoy, N.K. Vagina, T.V. Morozova, and J. Ren for their scientific input. We thank D. Bina, the Copernicus Online Data Access team, the National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), and the State of Alaska Open data Geoportal website for providing data on water quality parameters in the region. We are grateful to the associate editor Dr. X. Crosta and three anonymous reviewers for their detailed and constructive comments that helped to improve this manuscript. This work was funded by the Russian Science Foundation (project 21-17-00081) and research cruises through POI FEB RAS (project 121021700342-9). Funding for this study was partially provided by the Natural Science and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) to V.P. (discovery grant RGPIN/6388-2015). Publisher Copyright: © 2022 Elsevier B.V.

PY - 2023/1

Y1 - 2023/1

N2 - Diatom and dinoflagellate cyst analyses were performed on 22 surface sediment samples from the Chukchi Sea to document their geographical distributions in one of the most understudied sections of the Arctic Ocean and to examine the influence of upper water masses on these two major groups of phytoplankton. Total concentrations vary from 0.9 to 5.9 × 106 valves g−1 for diatoms and from 0.8 to 12.5 × 103 cysts g−1 for organic-walled dinoflagellate cysts, with the highest values for both groups observed in the southern part of the Chukchi Sea and away from the Bering Strait. Well-preserved microfossils were recovered, with a total of 35 and 88 taxa of dinoflagellate cysts and diatoms, respectively. The most abundant diatoms are Paralia sulcata, Thalassiosira antarctica, Thalassiosira nordenskioeldii, and resting spores of Chaetoceros spp., whereas cysts of phototrophic Alexandrium spp., Operculodinium centrocarpum sensu Wall and Dale (1966), and heterotrophic Islandinium minutum and Brigantedinium spp. were most common in the dinoflagellate cyst assemblages. Cysts of HAB-causing Alexandrium spp. were found in most of the samples, with the highest abundances in Herald Canyon where they contribute ∼56.6% to the cyst assemblage. As expected, cysts produced by heterotrophic dinoflagellates were more abundant where sedimentary diatom concentrations were the highest. Statistical analysis identified three major diatom and dinoflagellate cyst clusters: 1. Sites influenced by the Alaska Coastal Current in the eastern part of the Chukchi Sea are characterized by high abundances of P. sulcata and O. centrocarpum sensu Wall and Dale (1966); 2. The western part and Herald Canyon in the northern part of the Chukchi Sea are distinguished by diatoms Chaetoceros spp., T. antarctica and dinoflagellate cysts of Alexandrium spp. and affected by the Siberian Coastal Current and Bering Shelf Water; and 3. Assemblages in the southern part of the Chukchi Sea are recognized by noticeable abundances of T. nordenskioeldii and cryophilic diatom taxa, and dinoflagellate cysts I. minutum, as well as by overall lower percentages of cysts of Pentapharsodinium dalei and Brigantedinium spp. This work revealed the potential applicability of the combined use of diatoms and dinoflagellate cysts for reconstructions of past dynamic water mass changes in the Chukchi Sea.

AB - Diatom and dinoflagellate cyst analyses were performed on 22 surface sediment samples from the Chukchi Sea to document their geographical distributions in one of the most understudied sections of the Arctic Ocean and to examine the influence of upper water masses on these two major groups of phytoplankton. Total concentrations vary from 0.9 to 5.9 × 106 valves g−1 for diatoms and from 0.8 to 12.5 × 103 cysts g−1 for organic-walled dinoflagellate cysts, with the highest values for both groups observed in the southern part of the Chukchi Sea and away from the Bering Strait. Well-preserved microfossils were recovered, with a total of 35 and 88 taxa of dinoflagellate cysts and diatoms, respectively. The most abundant diatoms are Paralia sulcata, Thalassiosira antarctica, Thalassiosira nordenskioeldii, and resting spores of Chaetoceros spp., whereas cysts of phototrophic Alexandrium spp., Operculodinium centrocarpum sensu Wall and Dale (1966), and heterotrophic Islandinium minutum and Brigantedinium spp. were most common in the dinoflagellate cyst assemblages. Cysts of HAB-causing Alexandrium spp. were found in most of the samples, with the highest abundances in Herald Canyon where they contribute ∼56.6% to the cyst assemblage. As expected, cysts produced by heterotrophic dinoflagellates were more abundant where sedimentary diatom concentrations were the highest. Statistical analysis identified three major diatom and dinoflagellate cyst clusters: 1. Sites influenced by the Alaska Coastal Current in the eastern part of the Chukchi Sea are characterized by high abundances of P. sulcata and O. centrocarpum sensu Wall and Dale (1966); 2. The western part and Herald Canyon in the northern part of the Chukchi Sea are distinguished by diatoms Chaetoceros spp., T. antarctica and dinoflagellate cysts of Alexandrium spp. and affected by the Siberian Coastal Current and Bering Shelf Water; and 3. Assemblages in the southern part of the Chukchi Sea are recognized by noticeable abundances of T. nordenskioeldii and cryophilic diatom taxa, and dinoflagellate cysts I. minutum, as well as by overall lower percentages of cysts of Pentapharsodinium dalei and Brigantedinium spp. This work revealed the potential applicability of the combined use of diatoms and dinoflagellate cysts for reconstructions of past dynamic water mass changes in the Chukchi Sea.

KW - Alexandrium

KW - Arctic Ocean

KW - Coastal waters

KW - Diatoms

KW - Dinocysts

KW - Phytoplankton

KW - Productivity

KW - Sediment

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U2 - 10.1016/j.marmicro.2022.102184

DO - 10.1016/j.marmicro.2022.102184

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:85144105949

SN - 0377-8398

VL - 178

JO - Marine Micropaleontology

JF - Marine Micropaleontology

M1 - 102184

ER -

Diatom and dinoflagellate cyst distribution in surface sediments of the Chukchi Sea in relation to the upper water masses

Abstract

Bibliographical note

Keywords

UN SDGs

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