Abstract
Restrictive cardiomyopathy (RCM) has been linked to mutations in the thin filament regulatory protein cardiac troponin I (cTnI). As the pathogenesis of RCM from genotype to clinical phenotype is not fully understood, transgenic (Tg) mice were generated with cardiac specific expression of an RCM-linked missense mutation (R193H) in cTnI. R193H Tg mouse hearts with 15% stoichiometric replacement had smaller hearts and significantly elevated end diastolic pressures (EDP) in vivo. Using a unique carbon microfiber-based assay, membrane intact R193H adult cardiac myocytes generated higher passive tensions across a range of physiologic sarcomere lengths resulting in significant Ca2+ independent cellular diastolic tone that was manifest in vivo as elevated organ-level EDP. Sarcomere relaxation and Ca2+ decay was uncoupled in isolated R193H Tg adult myocytes due to the increase in myofilament Ca2+ sensitivity of tension, decreased passive compliance of the sarcomere, and adaptive in vivo changes in which phospholamban (PLN) content was decreased. Further evidence of Ca2+ and mechanical uncoupling in R193H Tg myocytes was demonstrated by the biphasic response of relaxation to increased pacing frequency versus the negative staircase seen with Ca2+ decay. In comparison, non-transgenic myocyte relaxation closely paralleled the accelerated Ca2+ decay. Ca2+ transient amplitude was also significantly blunted in R193H Tg myocytes despite normal mechanical shortening resulting in myocyte hypercontractility when compared to non-transgenics. These results identify for the first time that a single point mutation in cTnI, R193H, directly causes elevated EDP due to a myocyte intrinsic loss of compliance independent of Ca2+ cycling or altered cardiac morphology. The compound influence of impaired relaxation and elevated EDP represents a clinically severe form of diastolic dysfunction similar to the hemodynamic state documented in RCM patients.
Original language | English (US) |
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Pages (from-to) | 446-457 |
Number of pages | 12 |
Journal | Journal of Molecular and Cellular Cardiology |
Volume | 53 |
Issue number | 3 |
DOIs | |
State | Published - Sep 2012 |
Bibliographical note
Funding Information:This work was supported by grants from the NIH (JMM) and American Heart Association (JD).
Keywords
- Cardiac troponin I
- Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
- Restrictive cardiomyopathy