Detection of anti-Leishmania infantum antibodies in sylvatic lagomorphs from an epidemic area of Madrid using the indirect immunofluorescence antibody test

Inmaculada Moreno; Julio Álvarez; Nerea García; Santiago de la Fuente; Irene Martínez; Eloy Marino; Alfredo Toraño; Joaquin Goyache; Felipe Vilas; Lucas Domínguez; Mercedes Domínguez

doi:10.1016/j.vetpar.2013.10.010

Detection of anti-Leishmania infantum antibodies in sylvatic lagomorphs from an epidemic area of Madrid using the indirect immunofluorescence antibody test

Inmaculada Moreno
, Julio Álvarez
, Nerea García
, Santiago de la Fuente
, Irene Martínez
, Eloy Marino
, Alfredo Toraño
, Joaquin Goyache
, Felipe Vilas
, Lucas Domínguez
, Mercedes Domínguez

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

65 Scopus citations

Abstract

An outbreak of human leishmaniosis was confirmed in the southwest of the province of Madrid, Spain, between July 2009 and December 2012. Incidence of Leishmania infection in dogs was unchanged in this period, prompting a search for alternative sylvatic infection reservoirs. We evaluated exposure to Leishmania in serum samples from animals in the area with an indirect immunofluorescence test (IFAT). Using promastigotes from six culture passages and a 1/25 threshold titer, we found anti- Leishmania infantum seroreactivity in 9.3% of cats (4 of 43), 45.7% of rabbits (16/35) and 74.1% of hares (63/85). Use of promastigotes from >10 in vitro passages resulted in a notably IFAT lower titer, suggesting antigenic changes during extended culture. Postmortem inspection of seropositive animals showed no clinical signs of infection. The results clearly suggest that asymptomatic hares were the main reservoir in the outbreak, and corroborate IFAT as a sensitive serological surveillance method to detect such cryptic Leishmania infections.

Original language	English (US)
Pages (from-to)	264-267
Number of pages	4
Journal	Veterinary Parasitology
Volume	199
Issue number	3-4
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vetpar.2013.10.010
State	Published - Jan 31 2014
Externally published	Yes

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
The authors thank Ana Belén Martín, and Soledad Crespo for excellent technical assistance, and Catherine Mark for critical reading and editorial assistance. J.A. received a Sara Borrell post-doctoral contract (CD11/00261, Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación). This work is a contribution to the EU FP7 ANTIGONE Project (278976) and was supported by the Spanish Ministerio Educación y Ciencia ( MPY1072/05 ).

Keywords

Anti-Leishmania antibodies
Hare
Immunofluorescence
Incidental reservoirs
Leishmaniosis
Promastigote epitope expression

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10.1016/j.vetpar.2013.10.010

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Moreno, I., Álvarez, J., García, N., de la Fuente, S., Martínez, I., Marino, E., Toraño, A., Goyache, J., Vilas, F., Domínguez, L., & Domínguez, M. (2014). Detection of anti-Leishmania infantum antibodies in sylvatic lagomorphs from an epidemic area of Madrid using the indirect immunofluorescence antibody test. Veterinary Parasitology, 199(3-4), 264-267. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vetpar.2013.10.010

Moreno, I, Álvarez, J, García, N, de la Fuente, S, Martínez, I, Marino, E, Toraño, A, Goyache, J, Vilas, F, Domínguez, L & Domínguez, M 2014, 'Detection of anti-Leishmania infantum antibodies in sylvatic lagomorphs from an epidemic area of Madrid using the indirect immunofluorescence antibody test', Veterinary Parasitology, vol. 199, no. 3-4, pp. 264-267. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vetpar.2013.10.010

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title = "Detection of anti-Leishmania infantum antibodies in sylvatic lagomorphs from an epidemic area of Madrid using the indirect immunofluorescence antibody test",

abstract = "An outbreak of human leishmaniosis was confirmed in the southwest of the province of Madrid, Spain, between July 2009 and December 2012. Incidence of Leishmania infection in dogs was unchanged in this period, prompting a search for alternative sylvatic infection reservoirs. We evaluated exposure to Leishmania in serum samples from animals in the area with an indirect immunofluorescence test (IFAT). Using promastigotes from six culture passages and a 1/25 threshold titer, we found anti- Leishmania infantum seroreactivity in 9.3\% of cats (4 of 43), 45.7\% of rabbits (16/35) and 74.1\% of hares (63/85). Use of promastigotes from >10 in vitro passages resulted in a notably IFAT lower titer, suggesting antigenic changes during extended culture. Postmortem inspection of seropositive animals showed no clinical signs of infection. The results clearly suggest that asymptomatic hares were the main reservoir in the outbreak, and corroborate IFAT as a sensitive serological surveillance method to detect such cryptic Leishmania infections.",

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author = "Inmaculada Moreno and Julio {\'A}lvarez and Nerea Garc{\'i}a and \{de la Fuente\}, Santiago and Irene Mart{\'i}nez and Eloy Marino and Alfredo Tora{\~n}o and Joaquin Goyache and Felipe Vilas and Lucas Dom{\'i}nguez and Mercedes Dom{\'i}nguez",

note = "Funding Information: The authors thank Ana Bel{\'e}n Mart{\'i}n, and Soledad Crespo for excellent technical assistance, and Catherine Mark for critical reading and editorial assistance. J.A. received a Sara Borrell post-doctoral contract (CD11/00261, Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovaci{\'o}n). This work is a contribution to the EU FP7 ANTIGONE Project (278976) and was supported by the Spanish Ministerio Educaci{\'o}n y Ciencia ( MPY1072/05 ).",

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AU - Moreno, Inmaculada

AU - Álvarez, Julio

AU - García, Nerea

AU - de la Fuente, Santiago

AU - Martínez, Irene

AU - Marino, Eloy

AU - Toraño, Alfredo

AU - Goyache, Joaquin

AU - Vilas, Felipe

AU - Domínguez, Lucas

AU - Domínguez, Mercedes

N1 - Funding Information: The authors thank Ana Belén Martín, and Soledad Crespo for excellent technical assistance, and Catherine Mark for critical reading and editorial assistance. J.A. received a Sara Borrell post-doctoral contract (CD11/00261, Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación). This work is a contribution to the EU FP7 ANTIGONE Project (278976) and was supported by the Spanish Ministerio Educación y Ciencia ( MPY1072/05 ).

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N2 - An outbreak of human leishmaniosis was confirmed in the southwest of the province of Madrid, Spain, between July 2009 and December 2012. Incidence of Leishmania infection in dogs was unchanged in this period, prompting a search for alternative sylvatic infection reservoirs. We evaluated exposure to Leishmania in serum samples from animals in the area with an indirect immunofluorescence test (IFAT). Using promastigotes from six culture passages and a 1/25 threshold titer, we found anti- Leishmania infantum seroreactivity in 9.3% of cats (4 of 43), 45.7% of rabbits (16/35) and 74.1% of hares (63/85). Use of promastigotes from >10 in vitro passages resulted in a notably IFAT lower titer, suggesting antigenic changes during extended culture. Postmortem inspection of seropositive animals showed no clinical signs of infection. The results clearly suggest that asymptomatic hares were the main reservoir in the outbreak, and corroborate IFAT as a sensitive serological surveillance method to detect such cryptic Leishmania infections.

AB - An outbreak of human leishmaniosis was confirmed in the southwest of the province of Madrid, Spain, between July 2009 and December 2012. Incidence of Leishmania infection in dogs was unchanged in this period, prompting a search for alternative sylvatic infection reservoirs. We evaluated exposure to Leishmania in serum samples from animals in the area with an indirect immunofluorescence test (IFAT). Using promastigotes from six culture passages and a 1/25 threshold titer, we found anti- Leishmania infantum seroreactivity in 9.3% of cats (4 of 43), 45.7% of rabbits (16/35) and 74.1% of hares (63/85). Use of promastigotes from >10 in vitro passages resulted in a notably IFAT lower titer, suggesting antigenic changes during extended culture. Postmortem inspection of seropositive animals showed no clinical signs of infection. The results clearly suggest that asymptomatic hares were the main reservoir in the outbreak, and corroborate IFAT as a sensitive serological surveillance method to detect such cryptic Leishmania infections.

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KW - Hare

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KW - Incidental reservoirs

KW - Leishmaniosis

KW - Promastigote epitope expression

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ER -

Detection of anti-Leishmania infantum antibodies in sylvatic lagomorphs from an epidemic area of Madrid using the indirect immunofluorescence antibody test

Abstract

Bibliographical note

Keywords

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