Deconstructing Weight Management Interventions for Young Adults: Looking Inside the Black Box of the EARLY Consortium Trials

Deborah F. Tate; Leslie A Lytle; Kristen Polzien; Molly Diamond; Kelsey R. Leonard; John M. Jakicic; Karen C. Johnson; Christine M. Olson; Kevin Patrick; Laura P. Svetkey; Rena R. Wing; Pao Hwa Lin; Mathilda Coday; Melissa N. Laska; Gina Merchant; Sara J. Czaja; Richard Schulz; Steven H. Belle

doi:10.1002/oby.22506

Deconstructing Weight Management Interventions for Young Adults: Looking Inside the Black Box of the EARLY Consortium Trials

Deborah F. Tate, Leslie A Lytle, Kristen Polzien, Molly Diamond, Kelsey R. Leonard, John M. Jakicic, Karen C. Johnson, Christine M. Olson, Kevin Patrick, Laura P. Svetkey, Rena R. Wing, Pao Hwa Lin, Mathilda Coday, Melissa N. Laska, Gina Merchant, Sara J. Czaja, Richard Schulz, Steven H. Belle

Epidemiology & Community Health

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

8 Scopus citations

Abstract

Objective: The goal of the present study was to deconstruct the 17 treatment arms used in the Early Adult Reduction of weight through LifestYle (EARLY) weight management trials. Methods: Intervention materials were coded to reflect behavioral domains and behavior change techniques (BCTs) within those domains planned for each treatment arm. The analytical hierarchy process was employed to determine an emphasis profile of domains in each intervention. Results: The intervention arms used BCTs from all of the 16 domains, with an average of 29.3 BCTs per intervention arm. All 12 of the interventions included BCTs from the six domains of Goals and Planning, Feedback and Monitoring, Social Support, Shaping Knowledge, Natural Consequences, and Comparison of Outcomes; 11 of the 12 interventions shared 15 BCTs in common across those six domains. Conclusions: Weight management interventions are complex. The shared set of BCTs used in the EARLY trials may represent a core intervention that could be studied to determine the required emphases of BCTs and whether additional BCTs add to or detract from efficacy. Deconstructing interventions will aid in reproducibility and understanding of active ingredients.

Original language	English (US)
Pages (from-to)	1085-1098
Number of pages	14
Journal	Obesity
Volume	27
Issue number	7
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1002/oby.22506
State	Published - Jul 2019

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
Funding agencies: This work was supported by the following National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute research grants: HL122144 (to DFT and SHB), HL096760 (to CMO), HL096770 (to JMJ), HL096628 (to KCJ), HL096767 (to LL), HL096715 (to KP), HL096720 (to LPS), HL090864 (to RRW), and HL090875. Disclosure: DFT and JMJ report being members of the Scientific Advisory Board for Weight Watchers International. The other authors declared no conflict of interest. Clinical trial registration: All of the trials are registered as clinical trials. ClinicalTrials.gov identifiers are as follows: NCT01134783 (CHOICES), NCT01092364 (CITY), NCT01331564 (e-MomsRoc), NCT01121871 (IDEA), NCT01200459 (SMART), NCT01183689 (SNAP), and NCT01199185 (TARGIT). Additional Supporting Information may be found in the online version of this article. Received: 10 October 2018; Accepted: 10 March 2019; Published online 28 May 2019. doi:10.1002/oby.22506

Publisher Copyright:
© 2019 The Obesity Society

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10.1002/oby.22506

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6749832

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Tate, D. F., Lytle, L. A., Polzien, K., Diamond, M., Leonard, K. R., Jakicic, J. M., Johnson, K. C., Olson, C. M., Patrick, K., Svetkey, L. P., Wing, R. R., Lin, P. H., Coday, M., Laska, M. N., Merchant, G., Czaja, S. J., Schulz, R., & Belle, S. H. (2019). Deconstructing Weight Management Interventions for Young Adults: Looking Inside the Black Box of the EARLY Consortium Trials. Obesity, 27(7), 1085-1098. https://doi.org/10.1002/oby.22506

Tate, DF, Lytle, LA, Polzien, K, Diamond, M, Leonard, KR, Jakicic, JM, Johnson, KC, Olson, CM, Patrick, K, Svetkey, LP, Wing, RR, Lin, PH, Coday, M, Laska, MN, Merchant, G, Czaja, SJ, Schulz, R & Belle, SH 2019, 'Deconstructing Weight Management Interventions for Young Adults: Looking Inside the Black Box of the EARLY Consortium Trials', Obesity, vol. 27, no. 7, pp. 1085-1098. https://doi.org/10.1002/oby.22506

@article{d4849b7ae6a3492d907cfac15ccf8e16,

title = "Deconstructing Weight Management Interventions for Young Adults: Looking Inside the Black Box of the EARLY Consortium Trials",

abstract = "Objective: The goal of the present study was to deconstruct the 17 treatment arms used in the Early Adult Reduction of weight through LifestYle (EARLY) weight management trials. Methods: Intervention materials were coded to reflect behavioral domains and behavior change techniques (BCTs) within those domains planned for each treatment arm. The analytical hierarchy process was employed to determine an emphasis profile of domains in each intervention. Results: The intervention arms used BCTs from all of the 16 domains, with an average of 29.3 BCTs per intervention arm. All 12 of the interventions included BCTs from the six domains of Goals and Planning, Feedback and Monitoring, Social Support, Shaping Knowledge, Natural Consequences, and Comparison of Outcomes; 11 of the 12 interventions shared 15 BCTs in common across those six domains. Conclusions: Weight management interventions are complex. The shared set of BCTs used in the EARLY trials may represent a core intervention that could be studied to determine the required emphases of BCTs and whether additional BCTs add to or detract from efficacy. Deconstructing interventions will aid in reproducibility and understanding of active ingredients.",

author = "Tate, {Deborah F.} and Lytle, {Leslie A} and Kristen Polzien and Molly Diamond and Leonard, {Kelsey R.} and Jakicic, {John M.} and Johnson, {Karen C.} and Olson, {Christine M.} and Kevin Patrick and Svetkey, {Laura P.} and Wing, {Rena R.} and Lin, {Pao Hwa} and Mathilda Coday and Laska, {Melissa N.} and Gina Merchant and Czaja, {Sara J.} and Richard Schulz and Belle, {Steven H.}",

note = "Funding Information: Funding agencies: This work was supported by the following National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute research grants: HL122144 (to DFT and SHB), HL096760 (to CMO), HL096770 (to JMJ), HL096628 (to KCJ), HL096767 (to LL), HL096715 (to KP), HL096720 (to LPS), HL090864 (to RRW), and HL090875. Disclosure: DFT and JMJ report being members of the Scientific Advisory Board for Weight Watchers International. The other authors declared no conflict of interest. Clinical trial registration: All of the trials are registered as clinical trials. ClinicalTrials.gov identifiers are as follows: NCT01134783 (CHOICES), NCT01092364 (CITY), NCT01331564 (e-MomsRoc), NCT01121871 (IDEA), NCT01200459 (SMART), NCT01183689 (SNAP), and NCT01199185 (TARGIT). Additional Supporting Information may be found in the online version of this article. Received: 10 October 2018; Accepted: 10 March 2019; Published online 28 May 2019. doi:10.1002/oby.22506 Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2019 The Obesity Society",

year = "2019",

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doi = "10.1002/oby.22506",

language = "English (US)",

volume = "27",

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T1 - Deconstructing Weight Management Interventions for Young Adults

T2 - Looking Inside the Black Box of the EARLY Consortium Trials

AU - Tate, Deborah F.

AU - Lytle, Leslie A

AU - Polzien, Kristen

AU - Diamond, Molly

AU - Leonard, Kelsey R.

AU - Jakicic, John M.

AU - Johnson, Karen C.

AU - Olson, Christine M.

AU - Patrick, Kevin

AU - Svetkey, Laura P.

AU - Wing, Rena R.

AU - Lin, Pao Hwa

AU - Coday, Mathilda

AU - Laska, Melissa N.

AU - Merchant, Gina

AU - Czaja, Sara J.

AU - Schulz, Richard

AU - Belle, Steven H.

N1 - Funding Information: Funding agencies: This work was supported by the following National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute research grants: HL122144 (to DFT and SHB), HL096760 (to CMO), HL096770 (to JMJ), HL096628 (to KCJ), HL096767 (to LL), HL096715 (to KP), HL096720 (to LPS), HL090864 (to RRW), and HL090875. Disclosure: DFT and JMJ report being members of the Scientific Advisory Board for Weight Watchers International. The other authors declared no conflict of interest. Clinical trial registration: All of the trials are registered as clinical trials. ClinicalTrials.gov identifiers are as follows: NCT01134783 (CHOICES), NCT01092364 (CITY), NCT01331564 (e-MomsRoc), NCT01121871 (IDEA), NCT01200459 (SMART), NCT01183689 (SNAP), and NCT01199185 (TARGIT). Additional Supporting Information may be found in the online version of this article. Received: 10 October 2018; Accepted: 10 March 2019; Published online 28 May 2019. doi:10.1002/oby.22506 Publisher Copyright: © 2019 The Obesity Society

PY - 2019/7

Y1 - 2019/7

N2 - Objective: The goal of the present study was to deconstruct the 17 treatment arms used in the Early Adult Reduction of weight through LifestYle (EARLY) weight management trials. Methods: Intervention materials were coded to reflect behavioral domains and behavior change techniques (BCTs) within those domains planned for each treatment arm. The analytical hierarchy process was employed to determine an emphasis profile of domains in each intervention. Results: The intervention arms used BCTs from all of the 16 domains, with an average of 29.3 BCTs per intervention arm. All 12 of the interventions included BCTs from the six domains of Goals and Planning, Feedback and Monitoring, Social Support, Shaping Knowledge, Natural Consequences, and Comparison of Outcomes; 11 of the 12 interventions shared 15 BCTs in common across those six domains. Conclusions: Weight management interventions are complex. The shared set of BCTs used in the EARLY trials may represent a core intervention that could be studied to determine the required emphases of BCTs and whether additional BCTs add to or detract from efficacy. Deconstructing interventions will aid in reproducibility and understanding of active ingredients.

AB - Objective: The goal of the present study was to deconstruct the 17 treatment arms used in the Early Adult Reduction of weight through LifestYle (EARLY) weight management trials. Methods: Intervention materials were coded to reflect behavioral domains and behavior change techniques (BCTs) within those domains planned for each treatment arm. The analytical hierarchy process was employed to determine an emphasis profile of domains in each intervention. Results: The intervention arms used BCTs from all of the 16 domains, with an average of 29.3 BCTs per intervention arm. All 12 of the interventions included BCTs from the six domains of Goals and Planning, Feedback and Monitoring, Social Support, Shaping Knowledge, Natural Consequences, and Comparison of Outcomes; 11 of the 12 interventions shared 15 BCTs in common across those six domains. Conclusions: Weight management interventions are complex. The shared set of BCTs used in the EARLY trials may represent a core intervention that could be studied to determine the required emphases of BCTs and whether additional BCTs add to or detract from efficacy. Deconstructing interventions will aid in reproducibility and understanding of active ingredients.

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Deconstructing Weight Management Interventions for Young Adults: Looking Inside the Black Box of the EARLY Consortium Trials

Abstract

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