Abstract
In Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) patients and the mdxmouse model of DMD, chronic activation of the classical nuclear factor-kB (NF-κB) pathway contributes to the pathogenesis that causes degeneration of muscle fibers, inflammation and fibrosis. Prior studies demonstrate that inhibition of inhibitor of κB kinase (IKK)-mediated NF-κB activation using L-isomer NF-κB essential modulator (NEMO)-binding domain (NBD) peptide-based approaches reduce muscle pathology in the mdxmouse. For our studies, the NBD peptide is synthesized as a fusion peptide with an eight-lysine (8K) protein transduction domain to facilitate intracellular delivery. We hypothesized that the D-isoform peptide could have a greater effect than the naturally occurring L-isoform peptide due to the longer persistence of the D-isoform peptide in vivo. In this study, we compared systemic treatment with low (1 mg/kg) and high (10 mg/kg) doses of L- and D-isomer 8K-wild-type-NBD peptide in mdx mice. Treatment with both L- or D-isoform 8K-wild-type-NBD peptide resulted in decreased activation of NF-κB and improved histology in skeletal muscle of the mdxmouse. However, we observed kidney toxicity (characterized by proteinuria), increased serum creatinine, activation of NF-kB and pathological changes in kidney cortex that were most severe with treatment with the D-isoform of 8K-wild-type-NBD peptide. The observed toxicity was also seen in normal mice.
Original language | English (US) |
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Pages (from-to) | 442-452 |
Number of pages | 11 |
Journal | Molecular Medicine |
Volume | 21 |
DOIs | |
State | Published - 2015 |
Externally published | Yes |
Bibliographical note
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