Cytotoxicity of graphene oxide and graphene in human erythrocytes and skin fibroblasts

Engineering & Materials Science

• Cytotoxicity 96%
• Fibroblasts 95%
• Graphene oxide 94%
• Graphene 76%
• Skin 56%
• Toxicity 28%
• Assays 27%
• Surface charge 16%
• Cells 11%
• Particle size 11%
• Blood 10%
• Reactive oxygen species 10%
• Dynamic light scattering 9%
• Oxygen 9%
• Exfoliation (materials science) 9%
• X ray powder diffraction 8%
• Sonication 8%
• Hydrazine 8%
• Hemoglobin 8%
• Zeta potential 8%
• Chitosan 8%
• Drug delivery 7%
• Atomic force microscopy 7%
• Nanostructured materials 7%
• Biocompatibility 7%
• X ray photoelectron spectroscopy 7%
• Chemical properties 6%
• Labeling 5%
• Salts 5%
• Physical properties 5%
• Agglomeration 5%
• Carbon 4%
• Coatings 4%
• Water 3%
• Sensors 3%

Medicine & Life Sciences

• graphene oxide 100%
• Graphite 89%
• Erythrocytes 51%
• Fibroblasts 48%
• Skin 35%
• Bromides 15%
• Particle Size 12%
• 2-(2-methoxy-4-nitrophenyl)-3-(4-nitrophenyl)-5-(2,4-disulfophenyl)-2H tetrazolium monosodium salt 9%
• Tetrazolium Salts 8%
• Photoelectron Spectroscopy 8%
• hydrazine 8%
• Oxygen 8%
• Dynamic Light Scattering 7%
• Sonication 7%
• Atomic Force Microscopy 7%
• Trypan Blue 7%
• X-Ray Diffraction 7%
• Nanostructures 6%
• Chitosan 6%
• Powders 5%
• Carbon 5%
• Toxicology 5%
• Cell Communication 5%
• Suspensions 5%
• Hemoglobins 4%
• Reactive Oxygen Species 4%
• Water 3%
• Pharmaceutical Preparations 2%

Chemical Compounds

• Graphene Oxide 51%
• Graphene 46%
• Haemolytic 20%
• Exfoliation 12%
• Trypan Blue 8%
• Sonication 6%
• Reactive Oxygen Metabolite 5%
• Photon Correlation Spectroscopy 5%
• Suspension 4%
• Powder X-Ray Diffraction 4%
• X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy 4%
• Surface 3%
• Nanomaterial 3%
• Coating Agent 3%
• Environment 3%
• Drug 3%
• Reduction 2%
• Time 2%
• Application 1%